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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Pest and Disease Control in Pear Orchards
Currently, pear orchards are in full bloom. At the late flowering stage of pear trees, fruit growers should promptly control the following pests and diseases: Pear midge and pear psylla: according to the flowering status of pear trees, spray for control promptly when flowering is basically over. For the pesticide, 10% Shenjian 1500x solution plus 10% Shijia Bilin 2000x solution can be used. Pear rust and pear scab: at the end of pear tree flowering, apply pesticide promptly by spraying for control. For the pesticide, 15% Fenxiuning 1500x solution or 45% Dasheng 800-1000x solution can be used, plus 105 Shigao 60
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Winter control of psyllids in pear orchards leads to good pears in autumn
The pear psyllid is the most important pest on pear trees. It can damage pear leaves, causing blighted spots, weakening tree vigor, and reducing fruit quality and yield. It produces 4-5 generations per year. Adults are divided into winter and summer forms. Winter-form adults overwinter in the cracks of pear tree branches and trunks, with a few in weeds, fallen leaves, and soil. Integrated control should target their overwintering sites. 1. Orchard sanitation. Clear away fallen branches, fallen leaves, and weeds in and around the orchard, bury them deeply or burn them, to reduce the overwintering pear psyllid population. 2. Bark scraping. Spread plastic film on the tree tray
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Key Cultivation Techniques for Interplanting Oyster Mushrooms in Pear Orchards
After the pears are harvested, the pear orchard has a relatively long fallow period. Using the empty rows between pear trees to grow one season of oyster mushrooms can yield good returns. 1. Choosing the bed site: It is best to choose a pear orchard relatively close to the village, with good soil quality, convenient irrigation and drainage, and smooth transportation. 2. Carefully preparing the beds: The mushroom beds are 8-10 m long and 1.2 m wide. The bed soil should be plowed 15-20 cm deep and carefully prepared so that the soil is loose and free of weeds, loose on top and firm below, forming a ball when squeezed by hand and breaking apart when dropped on the ground. Build a ridge 4-5 cm high around the bed surface to conserve moisture. After the mushroom beds are prepared, dig drainage
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Benefits and Cultivation Techniques of Interplanting Oyster Mushrooms in Pear Orchards
After the pear trees are harvested, the pear orchard has a fairly long idle period. Using the empty rows between the pear trees to grow a season of oyster mushrooms can yield good economic, ecological and social benefits. A seedbed of about 10 sq m can produce more than 100 kg of oyster mushrooms, with an income of more than 200 yuan, requiring little input and giving quick returns; it can also increase fertilizer sources, improve the soil, build up soil fertility and raise the phosphorus and potassium content; at the same time it can kill off winter weeds; and it is beneficial for the pear trees' second autumn root growth. To successfully interplant oyster mushrooms in a pear orchard, the following points of cultivation technique should be mastered. 1. Choosing the bed site
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Detailed Explanation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Technology in Peach Orchards
The 6 core components of IPM technology in peach orchards: (1) Agricultural control measures for pests and diseases in peach orchards. During winter pruning, remove diseased and pest-infested branches and mummified fruit, and destroy them in a centralized manner; adjust the tree structure, improve ventilation and light penetration conditions, and strengthen tree vigor; (2) Frequency-vibration insect-killing lamp technology for trapping and killing pests. Install 1 insect-killing lamp per 3.3 hm2 of orchard, and use it from early April to mid-October, which can achieve a good insect-killing effect; (3) Sugar-vinegar basin technology for trapping and killing pests. Starting in mid-March, placing sugar-vinegar basins in the orchard has a clear effect on trapping and killing overwintering-generation adults of the peach leafminer moth; (4) Sex phero
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Precautions for Deep Plowing and Soil Maturation in Plum and Apricot Orchards
The issues to note during deep plowing are: after deep plowing, water must be applied immediately so that the soil and roots are closely integrated, otherwise drought damage is likely to occur. In orchards on river beach land, if there is a clay pan layer formed by yellow silt soil or gumbo in the lower layer, this layer must be broken through during deep plowing, otherwise a false high water table is likely to form during the rainy season, and it is also unfavorable for root expansion. The depth of deep plowing should vary according to soil texture. Heavy clay soil should be plowed deeply, and sand and organic fertilizer should be mixed in when backfilling; sandy soil should be plowed shallowly, but if the lower layer is semi-weathered rock (crisp stone), then it should be plowed deeply to thicken the soil
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Key Points of Irrigation Techniques and Detailed Watering Methods for Jujube Orchards
Although jujube trees have strong drought resistance and heavy rainfall is unfavorable to jujube production, if there is drought and a lack of water, the growth and development of jujube trees are also adversely affected. During the growing season, jujube trees require a relative soil moisture content of 65%-70%. This is especially true during the flowering period and the rapid fruit growth period before pit hardening, when they are very sensitive to soil moisture. When the relative soil moisture content is less than 55% or greater than 80%, young fruit growth is hindered, and flower and fruit drop is severe. During the slow growth period after fruit pit hardening, when the relative moisture content drops to 30%-50%, the flesh cells lose turgor pressure and soften, and growth
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Key Technical Points and Practical Methods for Soil Management in Jujube Orchards
Inter-row cultivation, weed control, loosening the soil and preserving moisture: For newly planted jujube orchards, a 1 m wide tree row should be established after planting, and this tree row should be widened year by year as the canopy expands. In pure jujube orchards planted at high density, short-stemmed leguminous plants or melon and vegetable crops can generally be intercropped during the first three years after planting. In jujube orchards using the jujube-grain intercropping system, crop intercropping can be carried out over the long term. In this way, soil management for jujube trees during the first three years mainly focuses on the tree row area, and afterwards soil management should cover the whole orchard. The primary issue in soil management is eliminating weeds, because the growth of
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Occurrence and Control of the Comstock Mealybug in Bagged Pear Orchards
One of the main pests that enter the bag. The calyx depression and stem depression are the most severely affected. Purple-red halos appear at the damaged spots, growth stops, and deformed fruit forms; in severe cases, the fruit surface cracks and dries up. This pest generally has 3 generations per year, mainly overwintering as eggs or 1st to 2nd instar nymphs on branches and mummified fruit, with a few overwintering as fertilized females; when the pear tree buds in the following spring, the eggs hatch into nymphs. Activity begins in April of the following year, the first generation reproduces in May-June, the second generation in July-August, and the third generation in September-November. Pesticides with good control efficacy against this pest include 40% omethoate
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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Intercropping Pinellia ternata (Ban Xia) in Fruit Orchards
Encouraged by the national preferential policy of returning farmland to forest, the production area of fruit tree orchards in rural areas has increased noticeably over the past two to three years. At present, most orchards have grown into shady groves, and because of insufficient light between tree rows, intercropping conventional crops such as peanuts, soybeans, rapeseed, wheat, and corn results in poor growth, low yields, and poor returns. How to use the open spaces between orchard rows to increase intercropping returns is the issue of greatest concern to many farmers today. In practice, it has been found that intercropping the medicinal herb Pinellia ternata (Ban Xia) in fruit orchards can significantly increase economic income
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