Key Cultivation Techniques for Interplanting Oyster Mushrooms in Pear Orchards

After the pears are harvested, the pear orchard has a relatively long fallow period. Using the empty rows between pear trees to grow one season of oyster mushrooms can yield good returns.

1. Choosing the bed site: It is best to choose a pear orchard relatively close to the village, with good soil quality, convenient irrigation and drainage, and smooth transportation.

2. Carefully preparing the beds: The mushroom beds are 8-10 m long and 1.2 m wide. The bed soil should be plowed 15-20 cm deep and carefully prepared so that the soil is loose and free of weeds, loose on top and firm below, forming a ball when squeezed by hand and breaking apart when dropped on the ground. Build a ridge 4-5 cm high around the bed surface to conserve moisture. After the mushroom beds are prepared, dig drainage ditches around them for filtering water.

3. Raw material formula: Generally, a 10 sq m bed uses 100 kg of raw materials, including 93 kg of cottonseed hulls, 2 kg of gypsum powder, 3 kg of quicklime, 2 kg of superphosphate, plus 100 g of carbendazim and 20 ml of Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer, with 130-140 kg of water added and fully mixed with the raw materials, then covered with plastic film for 5-7 days. To make the mixture uniform, turn and mix the pile twice. When the material temperature drops to 20°C, it can be inoculated.

4. Uniform spawning: Choose room-temperature-type or low-temperature-tolerant strains according to the sowing period. For every 100 kg of raw materials, use 10-12 kg of spawn. Before sowing, water the bed thoroughly to saturate the base soil. When sowing, spread or dibble in 3 layers at intervals, with a slightly smaller amount in the lower layer and a larger amount in the upper layer, so that the mycelium quickly covers the material surface and inhibits contamination by foreign fungi. After sowing, press the bed surface firm and cover with film, then cover the film surface with rice straw.

5. Management and harvesting: 10 days after sowing, uncover both ends of the bed film to check for contamination by foreign fungi, and also allow some ventilation. After 20-25 days, when the temperature inside the film exceeds 28°C, uncover the film for ventilation. After the mycelium has fully covered the bed, switch to covering with a low plastic tunnel, and pay attention to moisture conservation to promote the formation of mushroom buds. The mushroom buds can be harvested after growing for 5-7 days. After harvesting the first flush of mushrooms, immediately clean the mushroom bed, stop watering for 2-3 days, then cover with film again to promote the growth of the second flush. After harvesting the second flush, spray a mixed solution of 500-fold Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer and 0.5% urea to supplement nutrients.