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Key Points and Practical Methods of Tea Plant Breeding Techniques Explained
In conventional tea plant breeding, single-plant selection and crossbreeding are mainly used. More than 90% of new tea plant varieties at home and abroad have been developed using these two methods. Single-plant selection uses naturally mutated material, that is, selecting superior individual plants from existing tea plant populations, then expanding their numbers through propagation while maintaining their superior traits. Crossbreeding uses gene recombination and interaction, making it possible for hybrid offspring to show combined superior traits of the parents or types superior to the parents. ① Correctly select parents; ② Master crossbreeding techniques; ③ Strengthen management after pollination.
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Four Practical Ventilation Techniques for Oyster Mushroom Bags
Oyster mushroom bag cultivation has low cost, high efficiency, and is easy to manage, but when tying the bag opening directly with string during bag cultivation, it often causes poor ventilation, affects mycelial growth, causes contamination, and can even lead to cultivation failure. Here are several ventilation techniques: First, the ventilation plug method. Using materials such as wheat straw and cotton lint, tie them at both ends of the mushroom bag to make ventilation plugs. The size of the plug depends on the size of the bag - large bags use large plugs, small bags use small plugs; it also depends on the mycelial growth temperature - when the temperature is low, the plug can be smaller, otherwise it should be larger. Second, the ring method. You can buy flared rings, put them on
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What are the methods for fattening snakes? A full analysis of practical breeding techniques
Autumn is the season when snakes eat heavily, and it can be said to be the peak feeding period of the year for snakes. Therefore, fattening work in artificial snake farming in autumn is especially important, and it is also a "critical period" in snake management. The following work must be done well to achieve the goal of fattening. (1) Thoroughly clear the snake enclosure. In autumn, for the convenience of feeding or for snakes to better receive sunlight and thus facilitate food absorption and digestion, weeds that provided shade and cooling for the snakes in summer must be partially cut or selectively pulled out. When cutting with a sickle, do not leave it too far from the ground; it should be about
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How to Control Abnormal Growth in Garlic? A Detailed Guide to Practical Techniques
Abnormal growth in garlic mainly includes two types: secondary growth of garlic and onion-type garlic. Secondary growth, also known as the regrowth of degenerate leaves in garlic and commonly called "horsetail garlic," refers to the phenomenon where, at the same time the garlic scape emerges, a ring of small garlic leaves grows around the scape. These small leaves grow around the scape, while the growth point of the new cloves shows no sign of sprouting. This abnormal phenomenon means the garlic can neither be kept for seed nor eaten, severely reducing its marketability and economic value. The causes of secondary growth in garlic are mainly
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Sharing of High-Yield Cotton Cultivation Experience and Practical Techniques
I. Pre-Sowing Preparation First, purchase high-quality cotton seed. It is recommended to change seed every year. Never be tempted by cheap prices to use second- or third-generation cotton seed, because saved seed reduces yield by about 10% each year. Use about 1.5 kg of seed per mu. Sun the seed before sowing for a cumulative total of no less than 30 hours, turning it constantly. Be careful not to spread it directly on concrete, brick, or metal surfaces. Before sowing, build up soil moisture in good time and preserve it, so that sowing is done with adequate soil moisture. II. Scientific Fertilization Apply ample basal fertilizer. Generally, apply 3-4
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A Detailed Guide to Practical Techniques for Shiitake Mushroom Processing and Fresh-Keeping
When harvesting shiitake mushrooms, place them gently in plastic baskets without squeezing or deforming them, then remove impurities from the fruiting bodies, pick out damaged mushrooms, trim the base of the stems, and sort them according to cap size, thickness and moisture content, arranging them on bamboo blinds or reed mats in a ventilated place. They should be processed promptly; piling them together for a long time will reduce quality. 1. Drying shiitake mushrooms (1) Sun-drying: For mushrooms to be sun-dried, stop spraying water directly on the fruiting bodies 2-3 days before harvest to avoid excessive moisture content in the fresh mushrooms. Harvest promptly when the fruiting bodies are 70-80% mature, the partial veil has just broken, and the cap edges curl inward in the shape of a copper gong. It is best to harvest on a sunny day; after harvest, use stainless steel scissors to trim the stem base, sort according to cap size, thickness and moisture content, spread them gill-side up on reed mats or bamboo blinds, and place them in sunlight to dry. Generally, about 3 days of drying is needed to reach full dryness.
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How to prevent and control excessive vegetative growth in cotton? A detailed guide to practical techniques
At present, cotton has entered the squaring stage, and preventing excessive vegetative growth in cotton must begin now. So-called excessive vegetative growth means the cotton has lost its normal reproductive function, that is, it only flowers without setting bolls, or it flowers heavily but sets few bolls. The causes are first climatic factors, second the blind and random introduction of cotton varieties, and third cultivation methods that do not match climate change. According to records, when the temperature exceeds 35°C, pollen development becomes abnormal and normal pollination cannot occur; while sustained drought intensifies the shedding of squares and bolls. In addition, in mid-August some cotton areas experience
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How to fertilize Schisandra chinensis? A detailed explanation of practical fertilization techniques
Building a successful Schisandra chinensis orchard makes scientific fertilization the key. Schisandra chinensis is a perennial plant, and after planting it must grow continuously for more than 10 years within a limited nutrient range. As the cultivation years increase, the nutrients in the soil gradually decrease, the underground creeping stems are widely distributed, the growth is vigorous, and nutrient consumption is high. Therefore, rational fertilization is very important for the growth of Schisandra chinensis. The fertilization method and amount should pay attention to the following aspects. In the year Schisandra chinensis is transplanted, the root system is not well developed and the branches are thin and weak. In order to promote the seedlings and strive to bear fruit in the second year, urea can be applied in late May
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Practical Guide to Fresh-keeping and Processing Techniques for Shiitake Mushrooms
1. Drying equipment: Although shiitake drying equipment at home and abroad differs in form, scale and technical level, its principle is basically the same. Generally there are the following models: (1) forced circulation dryer; (2) forced ventilation parallel-flow dryer; (3) heat pump dryer. 2. Drying methods (1) Raw material handling Before drying, trim off the mushroom stalks or stem bases from the freshly picked mushrooms, remove impurities, and process after grading. Mushrooms picked on rainy days or with high moisture content should first be spread out to air-dry so that
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How to carve and strip trunk bonsai? Three practical techniques
The trunks of trunk bonsai mostly use the image of being ancient, old, diseased, and disabled to show their "vigorous and sturdy character" that has endured the vicissitudes of time, while some bonsai trees show the characteristics of being young, tender, smooth, and sleek. The carving and stripping technique for trunk bonsai is precisely based on the conditions of the trunk itself, through artificial artistic reconstruction, to make the trunk image conform to the requirements of bonsai artistic modeling and achieve the purpose of enriching the varied texture layers of the trunk. Now let us introduce three techniques of the carving and stripping method. Spiral trunk stripping. Make partial diagonal rotational carving and stripping modeling on the main trunk from bottom to top
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