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How to control the jujube leopard moth? These methods you need to master
(1) Manual pruning of infested branches: during early spring pruning, cut off the damaged branches to eliminate the overwintering stages of the pest, and destroy them in a centralized manner. (2) Use black light traps to kill the adults during their emergence period from June to July. (3) Protect and make good use of natural enemy resources, such as braconid wasps, ants and birds. (4) Chemical control: inject 80% dichlorvos 200-fold solution into the entry holes, and seal the openings with mud.
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Detailed Guide to Making Mother Culture Media for Edible Mushrooms
1. 800 g corn, 20 g glucose, 20 g agar, 1.5 L rice washing water. First cook the corn kernels in dilute rice washing water until a small number of kernels burst, then scoop them out and filter. Take the filtrate and continue heating (if the filtrate is less than 1 L, add clean water to make up the volume), add the agar and glucose, stir until the agar is completely dissolved, then dispense into test tubes, and after sterilization take them out and slant them to set. 2. 200 g fresh oyster mushroom or mushroom stipes, 20 g glucose, 20 g agar, 1 L water. The preparation method is the same as for potato dextrose agar medium. 3. Bran 2
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Detailed Explanation of a Simple Method for Making Mushroom Mother Cultures
For making mushroom mother cultures, PDA or PSA and their improved media are mostly used, but in some remote areas or for small-scale production, the raw materials in the formula are relatively expensive (generally analytical grade) and are not easy to buy in rural areas, delaying production. Here are several simple methods. 1. Gelatin-type medium. Gelatin refers to edible gelatin, generally sold in food and chemical shops, and the price is relatively low. Gelatin used in food production as a coagulant or solidifying agent can replace agar (bacteriological agar, agar-agar) as a coagulant in mother culture production. The author conducted experiments in the early 1990s and used it in production, proving the effect is good, but the purchased product needs to be tested for coagulating properties. After finally determining the amount to use per 1000 mm, it is necessary to keep using that brand and not change it at will. The general production formula is: 200 grams of potato, 30 grams of wheat bran, 20 grams of white sugar, about 50 grams of gelatin, and 1000 milliliters of water. 2. Raw grain-type medium. That is, grain medium. @#@245@#@, corn, beans, etc. can all be used as mother culture media, and the production effect is very good. The method is: corn and soybeans need to be cracked so that their size is similar to wheat grains, soaked until there is no white core, boiled with boiling water, then quickly rinsed with cold water, taken out and immediately mixed with an appropriate amount of wheat bran, and then put into test tubes. When using this medium, it is recommended to switch to large test tubes; generally 20×200 or 25×200 specifications can be used, which is convenient for operation and correspondingly increases the quantity produced at one time, and is cost-effective in both economic and time terms. 3. Potato-type medium: choose large, smooth potatoes, peel them, and cut them into wedge-shaped strips. The potato strips are 12-15 cm long, with the two ends respectively 13 cm and 0.2 cm thick, and the width is determined according to the diameter of the test tube, generally below 2 cm, and they should be made as semicircular as possible so that the rounded edge is close to the test tube wall. Put them into test tubes and carry out routine sterilization and other operations. 4. Pumpkin strip medium: after pumpkins mature in autumn, pumpkin strips can be directly cut as a mother culture medium by referring to the potato-type medium, and the preparation is the same as above. 5. Apple puree medium: peel and core ripe apples, grind them into puree, put them into test tubes, and sterilize routinely. The only thing is that when inoculation is needed, use a sterilized wooden stick to press the puree into a long strip shape, making it similar to ordinary medium, and then carry out routine inoculation. 6. Carrot strip medium: this can be done by referring to the potato medium.
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How to identify edible mushroom mother cultures by appearance?
Excellent purified mushroom cultures are the fundamental guarantee for successful edible mushroom cultivation. The appearance identification methods for several edible mushroom mother cultures are introduced as follows: Shiitake mushroom mycelium on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium is pure white, thick and robust, appearing floccose or velvety; after filling the test tube it has a certain ability to climb the wall, with edges showing irregular wavy curves. At around 24°C, the mycelium generally fills the test tube slant in 12-15 days. It has a distinctive shiitake aroma. Oyster mushroom mycelium on PDA medium is snowy white, dense and thick
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Key Technical Points and Care Methods for Keeping Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid) Through the Summer
1. Measures: Getting Phalaenopsis through the summer is mainly a matter of cooling, and the following measures should be taken: ① Add a double layer of shade netting to reduce light, which achieves a good cooling effect (a drop of 2°C to 4°C). ② Sprinkle or flood the ground with water. Summer temperatures are very high, but the water just drawn from a well is actually very cold, around 16°C. Therefore, sprinkling or flooding with water can produce an obvious cooling effect. ③ Misting the leaves cools fastest, but the effect lasts the shortest time. ④ Ventilation. On the wall every 5
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Detailed Key Points for Home Care of Phalaenopsis (Moth Orchid) in Spring and Summer
When you buy a flowering plant in spring (March-May), the rising spring temperatures make it a good time to grow the plant. However, the plants sold on the market during this period have been cultivated all winter in production greenhouses with a minimum temperature above 20°C, so the plants are not very cold-tolerant. After purchasing the plant, it should be acclimated: place the pot in a spot where the minimum temperature at dawn is above 10°C; if you have a hotbed or an air-conditioned room, place the pot in the center, apply slight heating, and protect it. During the 1-month adaptation period
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Control methods and key technical points for the peach fruit moth
(1) Manual and physical control. Scraping bark to destroy pupae: during the dormant season of winter jujube, manually scrape off the coarse bark and scaly bark on the trunk and branch forks; beforehand, spread plastic sheeting under the tree to collect the bark and cocoons, then pour boiling water over them in a centralized manner. Blacklight trapping of adults: during the adult emergence period, set up blacklight lamps (insect-killing lamps) to trap and kill adults. From May to June, remove the moth cocoons missed by chemical control. From early September, tie grass bundles at the trunk and branch forks to attract the insects for pupation, then take them down and burn them. (2) Chemical control. The key is
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Angoumois grain moth
Scientific name Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), belonging to Lepidoptera, family Gelechiidae. Distributed throughout the country. Hosts include wheat, corn, rice, sorghum, buckwheat, seeds of gramineous weeds, edible fungi, etc. Damage characteristics: larvae bore into and feed on the above seeds. Morphological characteristics: adult body length 4-5mm, wingspan 14-18mm, body grayish yellow; compound eyes black, antennae filiform, grayish brown; top of head and face densely covered with grayish brown scales; labial palps grayish brown, the second segment relatively thick, the third segment tapering to a point at the tip
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Identification and Control Methods of the Wheat Ear Moth
Scientific name Apamea sordens (Hufnagel), belonging to Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. Also known as the wheat ear worm. Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and other provinces. Hosts include wheat, barley, highland barley, wheatgrass, and Iris lactea. Damage characteristics: newly hatched larvae first feed on the floral organs and ovary of the ear, and a few feed on the tender inner surface of the glumes; after consuming these they move to cause damage elsewhere. After the 2nd-3rd instar they feed and hide inside the grains; after the 4th instar the larvae move to the flag leaf, spin silk to bind the leaf margins into a tube shape, and after sunset seek out wheat ears to feed.
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Damage Symptoms and Control Methods of the Ganoderma moth
The Ganoderma moth, scientific name Hapsifera barbata Christoph, belongs to the order Lepidoptera, family Tineidae. Also known as the wood-boring worm, its larvae bore into and feed on polypore fungi. In recent years in the Jiangsu area, it has been found causing damage on the culture media and fruiting bodies of log-cultivated Ganoderma, Armillaria mushroom logs, substitute-substrate Ganoderma and oyster mushrooms. Damage characteristics: on soil-cased Ganoderma, the moth bores into the fruiting body, feeds on the contents, and excretes frass onto the surface of the fruiting body; in severe outbreaks, it can eat the fruiting body completely bare. Morphological characteristics: adult body length 5-
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