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How to prevent and control mushroom pests and diseases? These methods you need to master
1. Mushroom brown rot: also known as mushroom Mycogone perniciosa disease, bubble disease, white rot, etc. It is currently the most harmful disease in mushroom cultivation. In addition to harming mushrooms, it can also harm oyster mushrooms, straw mushrooms, silver ear fungus, reishi mushrooms, etc. The disease shows different symptoms at different developmental stages of mushrooms. When mushrooms begin to form small pinhead primordia (before fruiting body differentiation), they are susceptible to infection, forming hard, puffball-like irregular tissue masses. These are covered with a layer of white fluffy mycelium, which later darkens and finally turns dark brown, with dark brown droplets exuding from the diseased tissue. Small mushroom primordia beneath the casing soil can also
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How to fertilize mushrooms? These 8 steps must be mastered
During mushroom production, generally after three harvests, the nutrients in the compost decrease, the acidity rises, the vitality of the mycelium weakens, and the yield and quality decline. To achieve high quality and high yield of mushrooms, supplementary fertilization must be carried out. The specific methods are as follows: 1. Take rotted pig and cow urine, boil for 20 minutes, filter, then spray diluted with 10 to 20 times clear water, and after spraying, spray once more with clear water. 2. Take rotted and sun-dried straw, add 100 times clear water and boil into a liquid, and spray after it cools, which can make mushrooms robust. 3. When mushroom yield drops sharply, clean
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Feeding concentrate to rabbits requires care: master the scientific feeding method
Concentrates include energy-based feed ingredients such as corn, barley, wheat, sorghum, wheat bran and fine rice bran, as well as feed ingredients with high protein content such as soybean meal, rapeseed cake, fish meal, silkworm pupae and blood meal. Their common characteristics are low crude fiber content, low moisture content and high nutritional value. To increase the weight gain rate of meat rabbits, make wool rabbits produce more wool and rex rabbits produce more high-grade fur, concentrates are indispensable. The principle for using concentrates is to follow the nutritional needs of different types of rabbits and, according to the different regions and different
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Four key points to master in rice fertilization
First, pay attention to applying sufficient organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer contains various nutrients, can improve soil aeration and its characteristics of absorbing fertilizer and retaining water, promote robust growth of rice plants, and achieve high yield and good quality. Organic fertilizer is mainly used as base fertilizer, applying 30-40 loads of decomposed farmyard manure per mu, or 30-40 kg of cake fertilizer, and 40-50 loads of human and livestock manure can also be applied after plowing and before flooding. Second, pay attention to controlling nitrogen fertilizer. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer to rice will not only cause an increase in ineffective tillering, greening, lodging, and intensified pests and diseases, leading to more empty and shriveled grains, a decline in the seed-setting rate, and affecting rice yield.
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How to prevent fish from oxygen deprivation in winter? These practical methods you need to master
In winter, although the feeding activity of fish in ponds decreases, they still need a certain amount of dissolved oxygen to maintain slow breathing. The dissolved oxygen in a pond mainly comes from the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and the direct dissolution of oxygen from the air into the water. However, in the cold winter, once the pond surface freezes over, oxygen from the air cannot dissolve into the fish pond. When heavy snow covers the ice surface, sunlight cannot shine directly into the pond water, and the green plants in the water cannot carry out photosynthesis to produce oxygen. Moreover, in winter most fish gather at the bottom of the water. If the water quality is poor, the fish are weak, and management is poor, it can easily cause fish to suffocate and die from lack of oxygen.
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How to prevent and treat runt pigs? Pig farmers need to master these methods
Runt pigs, commonly known as "cushion-nest pigs", "little old man pigs", "iron pigs". During the growth and development stage, pigs suffer from the influence of certain adverse factors, their development is stunted and growth stops. Although such pigs are old in age, they are very small in size, with rough and messy bristles and extreme emaciation, forming a body shape that is pointed at both ends and large in the middle; they eat feed but do not gain meat, causing pig farmers to suffer great losses. 1 Manifestation characteristics Runt pigs mainly show a small, thin and weak body, stunted growth and development, abnormally excited spirit, restlessness, rough back hair, dull skin without luster, and decreased elasticity.
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How to prevent low yields in Gastrodia elata? Master these measures
1. Poor quality Armillaria mushroom-wood material. Most farmers habitually use old wood logs from previous years' Gastrodia elata planting as mushroom-wood material, that is, the old-log-plus-new-log method of cultivating Gastrodia elata. Old wood logs have poor wood quality; not only have most of the nutrients already been consumed and used up, and the Armillaria aging phenomenon is serious, but there are also many factors carrying miscellaneous molds, which not only harms the growth of Gastrodia elata but also destroys the environmental conditions for Armillaria growth, so that the Armillaria source cannot well supply nutrition to Gastrodia elata, resulting in low per-unit yield of Gastrodia elata, or even total crop failure. 2. Use of multi-generation seed with degraded varietal characteristics
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Detailed Guide to Large-Leaf Goji Berry Cultivation: Master the Method and Grow Goji Berries Well
I. Large-leaf goji berry (Lycium chinense) has strong adaptability to the environment and can be cultivated in both northern and southern China. The optimal growing temperature is 15-25°C. In South China, cultivation is mainly in autumn and winter; when temperatures rise above 25°C, growth suffers and leaves quickly drop, with new growth only resuming in autumn. However, in North China, it can still grow during the hot, rainy summer season when temperatures exceed 30°C, and it is also very cold-hardy. After the aboveground branches drop their leaves in late autumn and early winter, even though winter temperatures sometimes drop below -10°C, it can still sprout and grow the following spring. Goji berry is also shade-tolerant and grows best in calcareous soil.
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How to store seed lily bulbs? Master these key points
Due to crop rotation scheduling, the harvest period and sowing period of lilies do not coincide. Lily bulbs kept for seed must be stored for 30 to 50 days after harvesting before they can be sown. To prevent damage from pests and diseases, and spoilage and deterioration during storage, the following key points should be observed when storing seed lily bulbs: First, harvest on a sunny day around End of Heat (Chushu, in August). Second, the lilies used for storage as seed must be fully mature, with low moisture content, free of disease and pests, and undamaged. When collecting the bulbs and loading them into baskets, remove the stems, clean off all soil, trim off the fibrous roots, handle gently, and grade
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Detailed Explanation of Lilium dauricum Propagation Methods, Easily Master Seedling Techniques
(1) Growth, Development and Habitat of Lilium dauricum Lilium dauricum is a plant that germinates relatively early. In the cold Heilongjiang Province, seedlings break through the soil and germinate in late April when the soil has just thawed. The most suitable growing environment for Lilium dauricum is roadsides, forest gaps, meadows and other places with good soil and moisture conditions and sufficient light. Investigations and experiments have proven that when the light intensity is 50% to 100%, Lilium dauricum grows best, with sturdy plants reaching 80 to 130 cm in height, producing 1 to 12 flowers per year, full fruits, large underground bulbs, and up to 6 small bulbs formed at the base. When the relative light is about 25%, Lilium dauricum becomes slender and weak, relatively short, with only 1 to 2 flowers per plant; although it can bear fruit, at most 1 fruit is produced, and it is not full, with small seeds and small underground bulbs, and the plant begins to wither in August. When the relative light is only about 10%, Lilium dauricum plants are short and small, cannot flower or produce only one flower, do not set seed, have small underground bulbs, and the above-ground parts gradually wither in mid-July. Lilium dauricum is suitable for growing in soil with a moisture content of 30%-40%. When the soil moisture content is below 20%, the plants are prone to withering or death.
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