Introduction to Israeli Tomato Varieties, the Total Number of Varieties Worldwide, and the Top Ten Seed Brands

How many tomato varieties are there in the world? Domestic seed companies sell more than 100 varieties of cherry tomatoes, and there are 16-20 cold-resistant varieties grown in greenhouses.

In open fields, 30-50 varieties are commonly grown in the north (many are no longer supplied but samples still exist).

There are about a dozen varieties for soilless cultivation

The situation in the south is not very clear.

Foreign varieties are also very abundant.

 

1. Guili 100: Indeterminate growth type, vigorous plant growth, plant height about 4 m, first flower at the 8th node, 4-6 fruits per truss, fruit slightly oblate and red, single fruit weight 160-250 g, uniform in size, high sweetness, excellent quality, no green shoulders and no cracking. The flesh is thick and firm, extremely tolerant of storage and transport, with a long shelf life, suitable for long-distance transport. It can be cultivated in protected areas and open fields. Grown year-round in protected areas, yield is about 15,000 kg per mu.

2. Guili 500: Indeterminate growth type, vigorous plant growth, 4-6 fruits per truss, up to 8 at most, fruit spherical and red, single fruit weight about 200 g, flesh thick and firm, extremely tolerant of storage and transport, one of the export-type tomato varieties. Disease-resistant and high-yielding, sepals flat and angled upward, year-round cultivation in protected areas, generally about 15,000 kg per mu.

3. California Red Beauty: Early maturing, indeterminate growth type, vigorous plant growth, plant height up to 3 m, about 10 fruits set per truss. Fruit oval and red, single fruit weight about 130 g, flesh thick and firm, extremely tolerant of storage and transport, can be cultivated in open fields and protected areas.

4. Tianmimi (Sweet Honey): Early maturing, indeterminate growth type, vigorous plant growth, short internodes, many fruits set per truss. Fruit round and bright red, single fruit weight about 20 g, flesh thick and firm, not prone to cracking, tolerant of storage and transport, sugar content about 10 degrees, good taste, excellent quality. Heat-tolerant and cold-tolerant, highly disease-resistant. Grown year-round in protected areas, yield can reach 7,500 kg per mu.

5. Guangrong (Glory): Early maturing, self-topping, first flower at the 4th-5th node, 5-7 trusses of fruit per plant, 6-8 fruits per truss. Fruit tall-round and bright red, single fruit weight about 230 g, flesh thick and firm, tolerant of storage and transport, excellent quality. Strong tolerance to high temperatures, more suitable for over-summer and autumn-delay cultivation.

 

Israel 144 tomato originates from the juicy berry varieties of Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia in the Americas. It is rich in various vitamins, inorganic salts, etc. It can be eaten raw, as a staple food, or the whole fruit can be stored. Its shape is like a cherry, plum, or pear. It is a delicacy among vegetables and a treasure among fruits, and can be used as both a vegetable and a fruit.

New Beauty tomato * export-type tomato, indeterminate growth type, highly disease-resistant, strong growth vigor, 6-7 fruits can be retained per truss, single fruit weight about 200 g, fruit evenly red, smooth and bright in appearance, extremely tolerant of storage and transport, good commercial quality, wide adaptability, suitable for spring and autumn protected and open-field planting. It is recommended to plant about 1,500 plants in protected areas, with yield reaching more than 20,000 jin per mu. It is the best choice variety for foreign buyers.

 

Common tomato complex species:

Includes six species of the tomato genus, of which three have colored fruit and the other three have green fruit.

 

1. Common tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)

All common tomatoes are self-fertile and the only ones that can be closely inbred. The stigma of wild cherry tomatoes extends slightly above the anther cone when flowering, so a small amount of natural cross-pollination occurs.

 

Common tomato is an annual plant, with trailing, semi-trailing, or upright types: its leaf notches vary in depth, from smooth to finely hairy. Inflorescences range from simple racemes to compound racemes, with few or many flowers, and flowers come in small, medium, and large types. The calyx is shorter or longer than the corolla, the ovary is smooth or with fine hairs, the stigma is cylindrical, and fruits have different shapes such as oblate, spherical, round, and oblong. The ovary may have few or many ovules, and fruit colors include fiery red, pink, orange-yellow, deep yellow or pale yellow, green, purple, and many others.

 

Dwarf plants average 50-80 cm, while tall and trailing ones may even reach 3 m or more. The stems of different varieties are mostly upright at the seedling stage, and after the fruit grows large they usually lodge due to the weight of the fruit.

 

Fruits come in various shapes, with calyx depressions varying in width and depth, fruit weight generally 1-500 g; a single fruit contains 40-400 seeds, and the seeds are heart-shaped, hairy, and flat.

 

(1) Cherry tomato (Var. cerasiforme Alef)

The ancestor of the tomato is the cherry tomato (L. esculentum Var. cerasiforme), and the cherry tomato is the only wild tomato found outside South America. Cherry tomatoes can adapt better to tropical humid conditions than other species of the common tomato genus. Present-day tomato varieties and wild cherry tomatoes have a close genetic relationship; the two types easily cross with each other.

 

The plant grows robustly, with trailing stems, and the surface is covered with fine, short yellow hairs (2.5 mm long). Leaves are large, with deep notches, long lobes, and acuminate tips; the interstitial lobes are oval, ovate, or round. Inflorescences are mainly simple racemes, long or short, with fewer flowers, mainly composed of 5 perianth parts, with a few having 6. The calyx is almost equal in length to the petals. The ovary is spherical, and the stigma is short or equal in length to the stamens. The fruit is spherical, with colors such as fiery red and deep yellow, with 2 locules, and the fruit is smooth or hairy; the seed is heart-shaped and hairy.

 

This variety has a wide distribution range: it is found in Mexico, Central America, Peru, and other places. Cherry tomato fruit is sour and is widely used in canned foods, and can also serve as original material for breeding disease-resistant varieties.

 

(2) Pear-shaped tomato (Var. pyriforme Alef)

 

The plant has medium to strong growth, stems upright or trailing, smooth or hairy, and leaves medium to large. Inflorescences are mainly simple racemes, with a few strongly branched, flowers few, occasionally many. The calyx is shorter than the petals. Petals are acuminate to oval. The ovary is elongated, the stigma is short or equal in length to the stamens, and the fruit has 2 locules, occasionally 3. The fruit shape index is 1.5-2.0, and fruit colors include red, yellow, pink, etc., heart-shaped, and hairy.

The progeny obtained by crossing pear-shaped tomatoes with spherical tomatoes is oval, oblong, and ovate; the progeny obtained by crossing with cultivated varieties varies greatly, thereby providing great selectivity and making it possible to obtain many valuable varieties.

 

(3) Plum-shaped tomato (Var. pruniforme)

 

The plant has medium to strong growth, stem height 130-150 cm, leaves medium-sized, lobes with deep notches, inflorescence simple raceme, relatively short, 8-10 cm long. Flowers few, about 7, flowers medium-sized, with 5-6 petals, diameter 2 cm, style length equal to the stamens. Fruit small (length 2.5-3.0 cm, width 1.5-2.0 cm), fruit shape index 1.5-2, locules 2, fruit weight 15-20 g, fruit colors include red, yellow, pink, etc., seeds few.

 

(4) Oblong tomato (Var. elongatum)

 

The plant has medium to strong growth, stems upright or trailing, height 70 cm, covered with hairs, leaves medium to large, lobes ovate and entire. Inflorescences are simple racemes, occasionally compound racemes, flowers few or many, usually with 7, perianth......