Key points of high-yield cultivation techniques for spring potatoes
Potatoes are a vegetable we commonly eat in daily life, and they are distributed all over the country. As the planting area grows, many farmers experience low yields, which seriously affects their income. Spring is the potato sowing season, so what can be done to achieve high yields? Let's learn about it together.
1. Seed potato quality
At present, few potato growers nationwide use virus-free seed potatoes, which leads to increasingly frequent and increasingly severe diseases during potato cultivation year after year, and once the disease occurs it is extremely difficult to cure, causing reduced yields. Many people also use potatoes that have been planted for many years as seed and do not introduce new varieties, which causes continuous degeneration of the seed potatoes, makes disease outbreaks highly likely, and results in low yields. The solution is relatively simple: choose virus-free seed potatoes as much as possible, and once strict standards are required, it is not advisable to use potatoes as seed year after year.
2. Temperature management
Potatoes have certain temperature requirements during germination, growth and tuber formation. During the germination period, the temperature needs to be kept between 7-12°C, while during the planting and growth process, the most suitable growing temperature is between 18-22°C. Once the temperature exceeds 35°C or falls below 7°C, growth stops. When the temperature is below minus 3°C, the plants will directly freeze to death. The most suitable growing temperature for potatoes is 16-20°C. When the day-night temperature difference is large, nutrient consumption is reduced, which can increase yield to a certain extent. If the nighttime temperature is higher than 25°C, growth stops, causing reduced yield. Therefore, when planting, be sure to follow the temperature requirements for potato growth; it should not be too high or too low, and during tuber formation, widen the day-night temperature difference as much as possible.
3. Fertilization
During planting, many farmers apply only chemical fertilizers to save nutrients and rarely use organic fertilizers and farmyard manure, and the amount of fertilizer applied is seriously insufficient. This causes potatoes to lack nutrients during growth, prevents normal growth, and leads to low yields. Therefore, when fertilizing, be sure to apply enough; generally apply 15-25 kg per mu. Also, when fertilizing, try to choose farmyard manure and organic fertilizer mixed with chemical fertilizer to ensure what potatoes need for growth.
4. Pest and disease control
Pests and diseases greatly affect potato yield and quality, especially when planting in mountainous areas, where damage from the 28-spotted ladybird is relatively serious. During the weed outbreak period, weeds compete with the plants for nutrients, and rodent damage should not be underestimated either for potato yield. When planting, pest and disease control must not be taken lightly. Strengthen daily management, apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve the plants' disease resistance, and handle pests and diseases promptly when found, applying the right treatment.
The above is an introduction to high-yield cultivation techniques for planting potatoes in spring. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.