What are the key technical points for promoting early maturity in soybeans?
Soybean is one of the main crops grown in China, and during the soybean growing process, many farmer friends hope their soybeans will mature faster, but they are frustrated by the lack of good methods, and using the wrong methods may even lead to trying to help the shoots grow by pulling them up. Below, the editor will explain the methods for promoting early maturity in soybeans. Let's take a look together.
1. Drainage to promote growth
In July and August, many regions are in the rainy season, with relatively high rainfall. Excessive rain can affect soybeans to varying degrees, especially in low-lying plots, where root rot is very likely to occur, seriously affecting soybean quality and yield. Therefore, for low-lying areas prone to waterlogging, drainage and waterlogging reduction measures should be carried out in a timely manner. Measures such as mechanical drainage and ditch digging can be adopted to promptly remove accumulated water in the field and stagnant water in the plow layer. In addition, after drainage, straighten the plants promptly, cultivate the plants, wash off the surface silt, and urge the soybeans to resume normal growth as soon as possible.
2. Smoking to prevent early frost
Pay close attention to climate changes. After entering autumn, temperatures drop, especially at night when the temperature is lower, around 2-3 a.m. When the temperature drops to the crop's critical point of 1-2 degrees, artificial smoking can be used to prevent early frost. At the upwind edge of immature soybean plots, straw and weeds can be lit to make them smolder slowly, so that a layer of smoke forms over the plot, which can raise the surface temperature by 1-2 degrees, greatly improve the field microclimate, and reduce the harm caused by frost. The smoking points should be evenly distributed, and try to ensure that the entire field is covered by smoke. In addition, burning agents such as red phosphorus in the field also has a frost-prevention effect.
3. Spraying fertilizer to promote early maturity
Spraying foliar fertilizer during the soybean flowering and podding stage can accelerate soybean growth and development and promote early maturity. Generally, the foliar fertilizer sprayed is urea plus monopotassium phosphate. Per mu, 350-700 grams of urea plus 150-300 grams of monopotassium phosphate can be used. If the soil is deficient in certain elements, the corresponding micronutrient fertilizer can be applied in the field. The spraying time for foliar fertilizer is generally after 4 p.m., avoiding high temperatures as much as possible to prevent phytotoxicity. During the entire soybean flowering and podding stage, it can be sprayed 2-3 times. If conditions permit, growth regulators such as brassinolide and chlormequat can also be sprayed, which can not only provide nutrients to the plants, but also effectively increase the plants' stress resistance and cold resistance. In addition, promptly pulling out weeds and increasing field aeration can also promote early maturity in soybeans.
The above is an introduction to techniques for promoting early maturity in soybeans. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.