What key factors affect peanut yield?
In China, the peanut is not only a very common food crop, but also an important oil crop. It is basically grown all over China, and when growing peanuts, everyone certainly pays close attention to yield. But sometimes the peanut yield is not very ideal. So what are the key factors affecting peanut yield? Today the editor will give you a brief introduction, so let's take a look below!
1. Seedling scorching and overly dense planting
When growing peanuts, if planting is done too late and the temperature is too high when the peanut seeds emerge, and the grower does not do a good job of helping the seedlings out of the soil, it is very easy for peanut seedlings to be scorched, affecting peanut growth and causing yield to decline. In addition, when planting, if the planting is too dense or the ridge surface is too small, the peanut plants will be too close to each other. This leads to poor development of the peanut plants, with slender branches and stems, making the one-sided pod phenomenon likely, and the pods in the middle of the plants are small and few, naturally causing a reduction in peanut yield.
2. Improper management
Peanut pegs generally set fruit after entering the soil. Therefore, at the early flowering stage of peanuts and before the rows close, attention should be paid to doing a good job of intertillage, at least about two times of intertillage, and then appropriate hilling should be done to improve soil moisture. However, many people often neglect the work of intertillage and hilling, making it difficult for peanut pegs to enter the soil, resulting in fewer pods and insufficient yield. Then, in places with excessive branches and leaves and high soil fertility, peanut tillering tends to be excessive. If pruning is not done in time, there will be too many branches and leaves, which will compete for the nutrients needed for the growth of the main peanut branches, ultimately leading to a large number of shriveled pods and a decline in yield as a result.
3. Unsuitable water and fertilizer
When growing peanuts, the management of water and fertilizer is also very important. When fertilizing, if only nitrogen fertilizer is applied alone or soil testing and formula fertilization is not done properly, it is very easy for peanut plant stems and leaves to grow excessively. The stems will also be very thin and weak, which not only affects the pod-setting and pod-filling rate of peanuts, but also makes them very prone to lodging. In addition, if field drainage and irrigation are poor, for example, if the supporting facilities such as ridge ditches and middle ditches are unreasonable, it is very easy to cause serious waterlogging in the field. This leads to poor peanut development, and not only are the fruits small, but shriveled pods and rotten pods are also likely.
4. Soil and pesticide reasons
After harvesting peanuts, we should pay attention to doing a good job of intertillage and clearing the field. If deep plowing and ridge drying are not carried out in time in winter, weeds will increase after the new year and the soil will become too compacted. This causes the soil to consume too many nutrients and have poor aggregate structure, which is very unfavorable for peanut pegs to penetrate the soil and set pods. There is also improper pesticide spraying. When growing peanuts, reasonably spraying chemical pesticides to control pests and diseases is necessary. But if pesticides are sprayed too much and too early, and the peanut pegs have not yet entered the soil in large numbers, it will seriously affect peanut fruiting, cause growth to be blocked, and in severe cases, rotten pods and rotten stalks will also appear.
The above is a brief introduction to the key factors affecting peanut yield. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!