Detailed Explanation of the Key Technical Points for Pollution-Free Eggplant Production
Eggplant is a very popular vegetable in China, and its planting area is also very large. The traditional eggplant cultivation methods of the past inevitably required the use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and so on. This more or less had a certain impact on the quality of the eggplant. Therefore, current eggplant cultivation methods are generally based on pollution-free production. So today, the editor brings you the pollution-free production techniques for eggplant. Let's take a look below!
1. Seed Selection and Seedling Raising
First, we need to choose an eggplant variety with strong disease resistance, sterile and free of pests and diseases. For example, Yuanza No. 2, Ziguang Large Round Eggplant, etc. Before sowing, soak the seeds in cold water for about 3 hours, then soak them in warm water at about 50 degrees for half an hour, dry them, then soak them in formalin for a quarter of an hour, then soak them in carbendazim for two hours, to do a good job of disinfection. Finally, wrap the seeds in a wet cloth and place them at a temperature of about 28 degrees for germination, washing once a day. Turn them about once every 5 hours. After about 5 days, when more than half of the seeds have sprouted, sowing can begin.
2. Preparation of the Seedling Bed
The soil in the seedling bed should be soil that has not been planted with solanaceous vegetables, mixed and stirred with decomposed farmyard manure, and then an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer added. After mixing, put the nutrient soil into the seedling bed. Then disinfect the seedling bed, mainly using carbendazim and thiram agents mixed together in a controlled ratio, then spread them on the bed surface when sowing. The sowing time of eggplant depends on the sowing method. If it is open-field, then it is generally in January to February each year, and for greenhouse cultivation, it is in August. First, water the bed thoroughly, and after sowing, cover with a layer of fine soil.
3. Management During the Seedling Stage
First, we must control the temperature well and adjust the temperature reasonably according to the growth stage of the seedlings. Before the seedlings emerge completely after sowing, the temperature should be controlled at about 30 degrees, and the nighttime temperature controlled at about 21 degrees. During the seedling separation period, the temperature should be appropriately lowered by about 5 degrees. Before separating the seedlings, thin them out twice, with the seedling spacing controlled at about 3 cm. If they are grafted seedlings, then the seedling spacing should be increased by about one cm. When the seedlings grow 3 true leaves, they should be properly separated, removing diseased, old and mixed seedlings, etc., and then covered with an appropriate amount of soil.
4. Water and Fertilizer Management
For open-field planting, eggplant seedlings are transplanted around Qingming Festival, and in greenhouses in September to October. After transplanting, water once appropriately to help the seedlings recover, then carry out intertillage, keeping the number of intertillages to about two. The soil should mainly be kept alternating between dry and moist. When the first eggplant fruit grows to about the size of a table tennis ball, watering should be combined with the application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. Then water about once every 10 days, and combine topdressing with watering once every 20 days. The topdressing fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer. After entering the full fruiting period, foliar fertilizer should also be sprayed appropriately about two times.
The above is a brief introduction to pollution-free eggplant production techniques. The pollution-free production techniques for eggplant are actually similar to traditional cultivation methods; the main point is not to use harmful substances such as chemical fertilizers and herbicides. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you all for reading and supporting.