Key Technical Points for Rice Pest and Disease Control and Management
Rice is the staple food for most people in our country and is grown on a very large area. It is an indispensable food crop, and when growing rice, pests and diseases are a problem that gives many farmers a real headache. Pests and diseases can seriously affect the yield and quality of rice, so how exactly should we control them? In fact, the main approach is to strengthen management with prevention as the priority, so below the editor will introduce how to manage rice to prevent pests and diseases. Let's take a look!
1. Optimize Fertilization
When fertilizing, we must pay attention to controlling the application of nitrogen fertilizer; nitrogen fertilizer must never be applied in excess. If there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, it easily causes rice to develop various diseases such as sheath blight and leaf blight. It can also trigger pests such as leafhoppers and rice planthoppers. Therefore, we must optimize the fertilization structure, and at the booting stage of rice, apply about two kilograms of urea. Later, spray urea solution on the leaves, and also combine it with an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance the rice's disease resistance.
2. Water Management
Although water is very important for the growth of rice, we must pay attention to controlling the water level when planting. During the transplanting period, the water level should be raised appropriately to protect the seedlings, and then during the booting and heading stages, the water level should also be raised appropriately. During other growth periods, attention should be paid to controlling the water level well, mainly alternating between dry and wet. Appropriately lowering the water level and irrigating with small amounts of water more frequently can effectively prevent diseases such as sheath blight and rice blast. It should also be noted that the pathogens of some diseases can spread with water, so care should be taken to avoid water from different fields mixing together, and in the rainy season, drain promptly to prevent overflow from the rice field.
3. Microbial Pesticides
When using pesticides, microbial pesticides should be given priority, because microbial pesticides are relatively strong in effect, have low toxicity, and basically leave no residue, so they should be vigorously used on high-quality rice. Different pesticides are used for different pests and diseases. For example, Beauveria bassiana powder has a very good control effect on rice skipper and leaf roller. Agents such as blasticidin have a relatively good effect on rice blast. Therefore, we should reasonably select microbial pesticides according to the actual planting situation to achieve the best control effect.
4. High-Efficiency, Low-Toxicity Pesticides
Chemical pesticides are actually also an indispensable type of agent for preventing and controlling pests and diseases, especially when sudden outbreaks occur, the control effect of chemical pesticides is very obvious. However, attention should be paid to the selection of the agent, mainly choosing varieties with high efficiency and low toxicity. For example, Miebingwei, Yekuning, and others. Moreover, when using them, be sure to pay attention to the dosage and the concentration of the agent; when the disease condition is mild, spot treatment is best. Finally, we must strictly control the safe interval period before use.
5. Ecological Balance
When preventing and controlling insect pests, we can use some natural enemies of pests, using natural enemies that are not harmful to rice for control. For example, frogs and others; the vast majority of a frog's food consists of pests, so we can release an appropriate number of frogs into the rice field. As long as the number of frogs is sufficient, then it is better than all pest control methods, so farmers with the conditions can appropriately give it a try.
The above is a brief introduction to how to manage rice to prevent and control pests and diseases. The management work for rice is very important and has a great relationship with yield and quality, so everyone must pay close attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you all for your reading and support!