What are the control methods for smut disease in water bamboo?
Water bamboo, also called gao sun, is a vegetable grown in swamps, mud and flooded fields. Because water bamboo is grown in a humid environment, it is prone to many diseases and pests, and the disease that mainly damages the edible part is the smut disease I am going to introduce to you now. Affected water bamboo develops large amounts of black powder, the damage is severe, and yields drop sharply. How to prevent its occurrence and spread, and how to treat it, is the focus of our article.
I. Symptoms of damage
It mainly damages the leaf sheaths and the swollen stems. When the leaf sheaths are affected, small green round spots appear, which then gradually grow into oval tumor-like protrusions, after which large numbers of black spore masses form, appearing as black powder. The smut fungus is active and harmful throughout the water bamboo, the affected internal tissue swells, the water bamboo becomes short and thick, and the surface shoots become furrowed.
II. Pathogen infection
The cause of the damage is the water bamboo smut fungus, which mainly overwinters as perennial mycelium in the diseased tissues of diseased plants and in the soil. It occurs in many places across the country, regardless of north or south, has strong reproductive capacity, and causes continuous disease under high temperature and high humidity, becoming widespread in large areas.
III. Control methods
1. Crop rotation
After harvesting in the current season, fields where the disease has occurred should be rotated with upland vegetables. Of course, only vegetables that are not infected by this disease can be used for rotation.
2. Disinfection
Seedlings to be planted must pass quarantine, or be seedlings cultivated through virus-free techniques, before they can finally be planted. In addition, before planting, sterilizing agents can be sprayed in the field to prevent infection by pathogens present in the soil; generally, a 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be used for spraying.
3. Management
The old leaves at the base can be removed to prevent invasion and damage through the leaf sheaths in the humid environment at the base. Excess tillers should be dealt with promptly at the early stage so that appropriate spacing is maintained in the field; this can reduce environmental humidity and lower the possibility of disease occurrence. Long-term continuous use of sufficient compound fertilizer can resist the disease. Irrigation should be shallow water during the tillering stage, and deep irrigation is needed in the high temperatures of summer to protect the roots; later, it is only necessary to keep the mud moist.
4. Spraying
Before occurrence, spray Bordeaux mixture protective agent once a month for prevention. At the early stage of occurrence, spray the whole plant with a 600-fold solution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, spraying once every three days, followed by about 2 more sprays; the number of sprays and the pesticide and dosage can be adjusted according to the condition of the disease. When the disease is widespread, use 25% carbendazim wettable powder and a 600-fold solution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder alternately for spraying, spraying once every 7 days, with continuous control 3-4 times; during the rainy season, increase the number of sprays.
For the occurrence of smut disease in water bamboo, do not provide conditions for the pathogen to develop. In addition, prevention first, and quarantine is also very important; only lastly comes timely application of pesticides after the disease occurs. Do not repeat the same pesticide; use them alternately. In short, the content of the article is provided for reference, thank you for reading.