What are the key points of field management for yam? A clear explanation of the cultivation techniques in one article
The main edible part of yam is the tuberous root, and it is a herbaceous plant. It can be used both as food and as medicine, and market demand for it in China is very large. At present, the planting area of yam is also continuously expanding along with market demand. However, during cultivation, field management work is very important, and many people end up with insufficient yield because of poor management. So today, the editor has brought you the key points of field management for yam. Let's take a look together!
1. Intertillage and weeding
Intertillage and weeding is an indispensable management task when growing yam. It is mainly to prevent weeds from stealing the nutrients needed for yam growth, improve soil permeability, and enhance the growth capacity of yam. However, pay attention to the depth of intertillage; it should not be too deep, to prevent damaging the yam roots. When using chemical weeding during weed control, it must be combined with manual pulling of weeds. After the yam emerges, appropriately spray a mixture of glyphosate and water. This can effectively achieve the purpose of weed control and will not affect the growth of yam.
2. Water and fertilizer management
The growth cycle of yam is relatively long, so the demand for nutrients during planting is relatively large. Especially in summer, nutrient demand increases, so the fertilization interval should be shortened. The fertilization method is mainly broadcasting, and during fertilization, attention should also be paid to drainage work. Prevent water accumulation from affecting the growth of the yam root system, causing forked roots to form and reducing the quality of the yam tuberous root. However, water should not be too little either, otherwise it will also reduce the yield of yam. Therefore, attention should also be paid to irrigation and drainage work. During fertilization, reasonably adjust the nutrient ratio in the fertilizer according to the growth condition of the yam and the soil, so as to meet the nutrients needed for yam growth.
3. Control the growth of yam beans
During growth, yam produces many yam beans. Yam beans consume a large amount of nutrients, so they greatly hinder the growth of the yam tuberous root and lead to reduced yield. However, yam beans can also effectively balance nutrients and moisture. If water and fertilizer are insufficient, the yam beans will redirect water and fertilizer to the tuberous root. So we still need to retain a certain amount of yam beans. When the stems and vines grow to the top of the trellis, appropriately spray growth regulators to prevent excessive vigor and at the same time inhibit the growth of yam beans. If there are too many yam beans, they can be removed manually when necessary to reduce nutrient consumption.
4. Pest and disease control
Pest and disease control for yam is also very important. The control of pests and diseases is mainly based on prevention, and field management should be strengthened with regular disinfection. Control the amount of water and fertilizer used to prevent losses caused by excessive amounts leading to waterlogging and fertilizer damage. After entering summer, rationally spray fungicides and insecticides according to the situation of pests and diseases. Especially in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, which are very favorable for the spread and breeding of pathogens. Therefore, prevention must be strengthened. In the middle and late stages, the focus of cultivation should be placed on disease prevention to increase the yield of yam.
The above is a brief introduction to the key points of field management for yam. Field management work for yam is very important and directly affects yield and cultivation benefits, so everyone must pay attention to it. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can be helpful to everyone!