Key Technical Points for Japonica Rice Cultivation and Detailed Field Management Methods
Japonica rice is actually a variety of rice, a very common staple food, with a cultivation history of more than 6,000 years. It is grown in all parts of our country. Japonica rice grains are relatively short and round, and in many places they are used to make porridge. Today, the cultivation area of japonica rice is very extensive, and there is still a trend of expansion. So how should japonica rice be planted? Below, the editor brings you the cultivation techniques for japonica rice. Let's take a look!
1. Land selection and seed soaking
Japonica rice has relatively strong growth ability, but it is still necessary to choose soil with sufficient fertility and strong drainage and irrigation capacity, the same as ordinary rice planting soil. Then carry out land preparation work on the soil, plow it deeply, and apply sufficient base fertilizer to improve soil fertility. Then choose seeds with strong germination ability, plumpness, and strong disease resistance to ensure planting benefits. And before planting, we must also soak and disinfect the seeds. Use the corresponding agents according to the main target of prevention and control to eliminate pathogens inside the seeds, prevent infection by pests and diseases, and improve the survival rate of japonica rice.
2. Cultivation management
When planting, we should plan different management priorities according to the growth stages of japonica rice. In the early stage of planting, attention should be paid to promoting early seedling emergence of the seeds. After emergence, strengthen management and do a good job in transplanting and setting. In the middle stage, the management focus should be on the stems of the japonica rice plants, promoting the growth of strong panicles and large panicles. In the later stage, focus on roots and leaves, improve the growth ability of the roots, enhance the photosynthesis of the leaves, and increase the accumulation of photosynthetic substances. Promote flowering and seed setting of japonica rice, strengthen the growth ability of japonica rice, increase yield, and expand planting benefits.
3. Fertilization management
Before planting, we should apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer should mainly be decomposed farmyard manure, and the amount should be controlled according to the planting area. Then the amount of fertilizer should also be reasonably adjusted according to the growth period of japonica rice. For example, when fertilizing at the tillering stage, nitrogen fertilizer should be the main type, and then after heading, grain fertilizer should be applied to meet the nutrients needed for rice growth. When fertilizing, attention should be paid to flexible adjustment according to the growth condition of japonica rice, weather, and other factors. When the leaves of japonica rice are dull and lackluster, drooping weakly, and the weather is good, apply appropriately more; otherwise, apply less or not at all.
4. Water management
After transplanting, the root absorption capacity of rice is relatively poor. When the temperature is high and the wind is strong, water evaporation will be accelerated. Therefore, after transplanting rice seedlings, we should keep the field water level at about 4 cm. After rice enters the regreening stage, mainly use indirect watering. When rice begins tillering, leave the field plots to dry, control tillering growth, and improve soil permeability. Promote thick stems and improve the lodging resistance of rice. Water should also not be excessive. When there is too much water, attention should be paid to drainage work to avoid root rot, reduce rice respiration, and cause insufficient yield.
The above is a brief introduction to japonica rice cultivation techniques. The cultivation techniques for japonica rice are actually similar to those for rice. The main thing is also to pay attention to field management work and enhance the growth ability of rice in order to expand planting benefits. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!