What are the control techniques for corn bacterial wilt?

Corn is an important food crop in China and is planted extremely widely across the country, but during corn cultivation, bacterial wilt can cause large-scale reductions in corn yields. So how should corn bacterial wilt be controlled? Come and take a look at the detailed introduction with the editor.

1. Disease symptoms

Bacterial wilt has developed into one of the main diseases of corn in the middle and late stages. It is an infectious disease of the whole plant, generally beginning during the grain-filling stage and spreading from the bottom upward, appearing as a green wilt. When the disease occurs, the base of the stem of the affected plant becomes soft, and the interior becomes hollow and loose, making it easy to lodging and break in the wind. Some also show drooping ears, with the ear stalk becoming soft and difficult to strip, making harvesting extremely difficult. The husk leaves also show a green wilt appearance, and the root system is obviously poorly developed, with few and short roots that gradually turn black and rot. Cutting open the stalk reveals a hollow, loose pith. The kernels of diseased ears are loosely arranged and fall off very easily, and the kernel color is dull gray with no luster.

2. Disease pattern ⟧7⟧This disease is mainly caused by overwintering inoculum in the soil, which invades through the root system successively from after sowing to the heading and silking stage, spreading within the plant and causing infection. From the grain-filling to maturity stage of corn, disease is extremely likely to occur under high temperature and high humidity or when the weather suddenly clears after rain. In addition, varieties with weaker disease resistance are also highly susceptible. Short-stalked, early-maturing, and double-ear varieties suffer more severe disease. Higher planting density, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and application of undecomposed farmyard manure can also induce this disease. Early sowing leads to severe disease, while late sowing leads to milder disease, and planting in low-lying, waterlogging-prone plots leads to severe disease.

The disease is mainly caused by overwintering fungal pathogens in the soil, which invade through the root system successively from after sowing to the heading and silking stage, spreading within the plant and causing infection. From the grain-filling to maturity stage of corn, the disease is extremely prone to occur when there is high temperature and high humidity, or when sudden clear weather follows rain. In addition, varieties with weaker disease resistance are also highly susceptible, and short-stalked, early-maturing and double-ear varieties suffer more severe disease. High planting density, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and application of undecomposed farmyard manure can also induce this disease. Early sowing leads to severe disease, while late sowing leads to milder disease, and planting in low-lying, easily waterlogged plots leads to severe disease.

3. Control methods ⟧9⟧First, select excellent varieties with disease resistance and disease tolerance. After harvest, clean the field, gather the diseased residues and burn them, and combine this with deep plowing to bury them into the soil as fertilizer. Practice reasonable crop rotation, rotating with other crops for 2-3 years, which can reduce the chance of disease. Spring-sown corn can be sown appropriately later, which can alleviate the disease. During planting, strengthen field management, increase the application of organic fertilizer, carry out timely intertillage, drainage, and other measures to promote strong corn growth and enhance the plant's disease resistance. Applying additional potassium fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer at the jointing or booting stage can achieve an excellent control effect. At the same time, pay attention to controlling the Asian corn borer, armyworm, and others, which can reduce the occurrence of the disease.

First of all, select excellent varieties with disease resistance and tolerance. After harvest, clean the field, collect the diseased residues and burn them in a concentrated manner, and bury them into the soil as fertilizer in combination with deep plowing. Rational crop rotation, carrying out a 2-3 year rotation with other crops, can reduce the chance of disease occurrence. For spring-sown corn, appropriately delaying sowing can alleviate the disease. During planting, strengthen field management, increase the application of organic fertilizer, and carry out timely intertillage and drainage measures to promote strong corn growth and enhance the plant's disease resistance. Applying additional potassium fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer at the jointing or booting stage can achieve an excellent control effect. At the same time, pay attention to controlling corn borers, armyworms and other pests, which can reduce the occurrence of the disease.

The above is an introduction to the control techniques for corn bacterial wilt. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.