What are the key technical points and precautions for returning rice straw to the field?

In rice cultivation there is a technique of returning rice straw to the field. Rice straw contains various nutrients and organic substances needed for the growth and development of rice. After being returned to the field and decomposed, it can increase the organic and inorganic nutrients in the soil, improve soil structure, and help achieve high rice yields. So how should straw return to paddy fields be carried out? What should be paid attention to? Let's take a look at the detailed introduction.

1. Harvesting and stubble height

Harvest immediately when the early rice matures. The stubble height depends on the height of the plants; for taller plants, keep the stubble short, generally around 80 cm is sufficient. Cut from the neck, and immediately after harvesting plow the field to press the rice stubble into the soil, then flatten the stalks. After that, keep a soil layer of about 5 cm and let it rot naturally. 7-10 days after planting, drain the water, level the field until there are no shoe prints in the paddy field, then irrigate 7 cm to promote tillering and rooting of the rice, so that the nutrients from the rice stubble are absorbed by the rice.

2. Weeding and fertilizing

Before planting, weed first to prevent weeds from growing after absorbing sufficient nutrients, which can easily cause weed infestation and hinder the growth of rice seedlings. Generally, apply 0.75-1 kg of butachlor powder mixed with 15-20 kg of soil per mu to keep the field surface free of weeds. Before planting, generally apply 20 kg of ammonium carbonate or 5 kg of urea, 7.5 kg of potassium chloride, and 15 kg of superphosphate per mu. During the seedling growth period, no further fertilization is generally needed; at the heading stage, spraying a urea solution is sufficient.

3. Pest and disease control

After rice is planted, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Because rice decomposes nutrients during the rotting process, in the later stage rice is highly susceptible to pest damage, so special control is needed. In addition, during the decomposition of rice straw, a large number of bacteria may breed, and these can infect the plants and cause disease, so attention should also be paid to this.

4. Precautions

When returning rice straw to the field, first pay attention to the amount. Generally, 40-50% of the total fresh straw of the field is appropriate. If the amount is too much, it may cause poisoning of the seedlings. In addition, transplanting should not be done too early; wait until the rice straw has rotted and fermented before leveling and transplanting. To speed up the decomposition of the rice straw, lime can be spread. Before the rice straw has completely rotted, transplanting should not be carried out, otherwise it will cause poisoning and death of the seedlings. During the rotting and fermentation of the rice straw, the water in the field should be kept with no inflow or outflow to avoid nutrient loss. After transplanting, topdress nitrogen fertilizer in time to prevent microorganisms and seedlings from competing for nitrogen, which would cause poor growth of the seedlings.

The above is an introduction to rice straw return technology and precautions. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.