Causes of Sprouting on Rice Panicles and the Best Application of Panicle Fertilizer and Phosphorus Requirements
Rice is the most important food crop in our country. During rice harvest, the phenomenon of panicle sprouting occurs. This not only affects the quality of the rice, but also affects the germination rate of the seeds, resulting in poor quality when sowing the following year and causing economic losses for rice growers. So what are the causes of rice panicle sprouting? Let's find out together.
1. Harm of panicle sprouting
Panicle sprouting affects the quality and yield of rice, generally reducing it by more than 10%, and it also affects the price of the grain. In addition, during panicle sprouting the weight increases, causing the rice panicle to be top-heavy and lodge, worsening the lodging phenomenon. In rainy and humid environments, it is also very easy to induce rice blast, leading to further yield reduction. During harvest, the grains fall off easily, with a loss rate of more than 10%. Taking all this together, once panicle sprouting occurs in rice, the yield may be reduced by more than 30%.
2. Variety reasons
Rice panicle sprouting is closely related to the dormancy of the variety. Some varieties have a short dormancy period and are very prone to sprouting, while varieties with a longer dormancy period are not prone to sprouting. In addition, varieties with a thinner seed coat absorb water very easily and sprout, while varieties with a thicker seed coat do not absorb water easily, so they are not prone to sprouting.
Prevention method: When planting, adapt to local conditions and choose rice varieties with high yield, strong stress resistance, high quality and a long dormancy period, which can greatly reduce the phenomenon of panicle sprouting.
3. Weather reasons
When rice is nearly mature, if continuous rainy weather occurs, the water absorption rate of the rice will reach more than 24%, which will meet its sprouting conditions. If the temperature at this time exceeds 18 degrees, it will begin to sprout, and the higher the temperature, the faster the sprouting.
Prevention method: According to climate changes in previous years, reasonably arrange the sowing time of rice so that the heading and flowering and maturity stages of rice avoid the rainy season, reducing the phenomenon of panicle sprouting. When the environment meets the conditions for panicle sprouting, drain water promptly after rain to prevent the panicles from being soaked in water and avoid later sprouting. If rainy weather is encountered during the maturity stage, strengthen inspections. For fields where panicle sprouting is found, harvest early when 85% of the grains are mature to reduce sprouting.
4. Improper management
Some farmers irrigate for a long time during the grain-filling stage of rice, making the field water content high and the humidity relatively high, causing the grains to fill too fully. During the rainy season they do not dry easily, and continued water absorption and swelling makes sprouting very likely.
Prevention method: For water management, use shallow water for tillering, and dry the field appropriately at the right time in the middle stage to prevent rice lodging. During the heading and grain-filling stages, keeping the soil moist is sufficient. Do not deepen the water level, so as to prevent the rice from absorbing too much water.
The above is an introduction to the causes of rice panicle sprouting and prevention methods. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please follow us.
Applying panicle fertilizer to rice. It is divided into flower-promoting fertilizer and flower-preserving fertilizer. Flower-promoting fertilizer is applied from the panicle axis differentiation stage to the spikelet differentiation stage; applying nitrogen at this stage can increase the number of spikelets per panicle. Flower-preserving fertilizer is applied slightly before the pollen mother cell meiosis stage and has the effect of preventing spikelet degeneration and increasing the accumulation of stored materials in the stem and sheath. Panicle fertilizer, without distinguishing between flower-promoting fertilizer and flower-preserving fertilizer, is applied 40 to 50 days after transplanting. It is recommended to apply 10 kg per 667 sq m of 10-6-24 compound fertilizer such as Sakefu or a similar compound fertilizer.