Key Points of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Techniques and Cultivation Management Methods
Shiitake mushroom is a very popular edible fungus, and market demand for it in China is very high. Therefore, the shiitake mushroom cultivation area is now very extensive. Moreover, the shiitake mushroom cultivation area is still continuously expanding, and many novice growers want to start cultivating it. But they are troubled by not knowing how to cultivate it. So how should shiitake mushrooms be cultivated? Below, the editor brings you the cultivation techniques for shiitake mushrooms. Let's take a look!
1. Mushroom yard setup
The shiitake mushroom yard should be established in a place that is sheltered from the wind, has sufficient sunlight, abundant natural resources and sufficient water sources. Then carry out the clearing work of the mushroom yard according to 70% shade density, to facilitate later management and improve the permeability of the site. Before inoculation, remove fallen leaves, dead branches and surrounding decaying matter in the site, to avoid excessive miscellaneous bacteria and pests affecting the growth of shiitake mushrooms. Then do a good job of land preparation, control the density well, and set up management passages. If there are insufficient surrounding trees and the shade density is low, then build a shade shed. Finally, sprinkle a layer of lime on the ground to prevent the invasion of pests and miscellaneous bacteria.
2. Mushroom tree preparation
There are many tree species that can be used for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, generally mainly trees of the Fagaceae family. Mushroom trees must not contain aromatic oil substances, to prevent affecting the growth of shiitake mushrooms. The bark must not be too thin or too thick, and should fit tightly to the trunk, which can facilitate temperature and humidity regulation during cultivation and reduce the chance of invasion by miscellaneous bacteria. Ensure that there is little heartwood, to promote the decomposition of shiitake mushroom mycelium. The diameter of the mushroom tree should be maintained at about 15 cm, and the tree age should also be above 10 years. If the tree age is young, the fruiting time of shiitake mushrooms will be earlier, and the shiitake mushrooms will be thin-fleshed, and the mushroom tree will be prone to rot and deterioration, causing a great impact on yield.
3. Timely inoculation
When inoculating shiitake mushrooms, the temperature should be controlled at around 10-15 degrees, and it is usually best to carry out inoculation around March in southern regions. First, on the mushroom tree, control the row spacing well and drill inoculation holes. Adjacent inoculation holes should be controlled at a distance of about 6 cm from the cut surface, to improve resistance to miscellaneous bacteria. The diameter and depth of the inoculation holes should be controlled at about 15 mm. After drilling the inoculation holes, inoculate in time to prevent water loss from the inoculation holes and invasion by miscellaneous bacteria. Generally, the principle is to inoculate immediately after drilling. After inoculation, promptly seal the inoculation hole openings with wax, or cover them with wooden blocks of the same size as the inoculation holes, and tap them tight and flat. Improve sealing, reduce water evaporation, and promote the growth of shiitake mushrooms.
4. Cultivation management
After inoculation, the mycelium is broken up, so the growth ability of the mushroom spawn is also reduced, and its adaptability is also somewhat insufficient. Therefore, in order to ensure the growth of shiitake mushrooms and restore the growth vigor of the mycelium, we must do a good job of heat preservation and moisture retention. If the bark of the mushroom tree is found to be lifting, then strengthen shading work, water appropriately to improve moisture retention, and control air humidity at about 65% and temperature at about 20 degrees. Also, due to the number of layers, the temperature and humidity of the mushroom trees in each layer are different, so we should turn the pile once about every half a month, and reasonably change the form according to the surrounding environment and weather, etc., to promote the growth of mycelium.
The above is a brief introduction to shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques. Shiitake mushroom cultivation is relatively troublesome. During the cultivation process, it is also necessary to do a good job of shading, check the survival rate, prevent the invasion of diseases and pests, and then also do a good job in the management of the fruiting bodies, etc. Therefore, before cultivating, everyone must do a good job in learning and preparing cultivation techniques. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!