What are the methods for controlling broad bean (fava bean) pests and diseases? Explained clearly in one article

The broad bean (fava bean) is one of the earliest legume crops cultivated by humans. During planting, many growers pay little attention to broad bean pests and diseases, resulting in severe yield reductions, with outbreaks occurring year after year in some areas. So how should broad bean pests and diseases be controlled? Let's take a look at the detailed introduction below.

1. Chocolate spot

Field temperature and humidity have a great influence on this disease. It mainly occurs during the broad bean flowering period. High planting density, poor drainage and soil nutrient deficiency can all cause this disease to occur. When the disease strikes, multiple lesions appear on the leaves and gradually expand; the lesions are red, which reduces leaf function and nutrient synthesis, leading to poor plant growth.

Control methods: Choose varieties with strong disease resistance, plant at an appropriate density, control the application of nitrogen fertilizer, rotate with grass-family crops for more than 2 years, and promptly clean up diseased plant residues after harvest, burying them deeply or burning them.

2. Fusarium wilt

Fusarium wilt is a relatively common disease of broad beans. It can cause damage from the seedling stage through the flowering stage. When the disease occurs, the leaves turn pale yellow and wilt, the top leaves wilt and droop, the leaves fall off, and the root system also turns black with fewer lateral roots. In severe cases, the root system rots and the plant can be pulled up very easily.

Control methods: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a carbendazim solution for disinfection. In the early stage of the disease, root drenching with agents such as carbendazim, propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate and thiabendazole can be used, with good results.

3. Viral disease

This disease mainly harms the mosaic parts of the plant. After the leaves are infected, vein clearing appears. It is mainly transmitted by aphids and seeds. Virus-carrying seeds and virus-carrying aphids are the main sources of infection. When the disease occurs, the leaves wrinkle, as if scorched, losing photosynthesis and unable to synthesize nutrients.

Control methods: Choose seeds that do not carry the virus for sowing, disinfect the seeds and seedlings at planting time, and at the same time control aphids well to prevent the spread of this disease.

4. Aphids

Aphids have extremely strong reproductive capacity and can reproduce more than ten generations in a year. Generally, adults and nymphs gather on the tender leaves at the top shoots of broad beans and suck sap, causing broad beans to grow slowly. At the same time, they can also transmit viruses and reduce yield.

Control methods: Aphid control should be carried out early, and they should be eliminated before they cause damage as much as possible. Control agents include chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate and imidacloprid, among others; any one can be selected and sprayed once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive times.

The above is an introduction to the control methods for broad bean pests and diseases. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.