Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Plastic Film Mulch Cultivation of Angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis, of the Apiaceae family, is a perennial herb with a thickened root. The leaves are several times pinnately compound. It flowers in summer, with white flowers in compound umbels. The fruit is oblong-elliptical, with broad wings on the lateral ribs. It is produced in China's Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces. In traditional Chinese medicine, the root is used as medicine; it is warm in nature and sweet, bitter and pungent in taste, with the functions of nourishing blood and invigorating the body, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, and is mainly used to treat blood deficiency, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, rheumatic arthralgia, traumatic injuries, carbuncles and so on. The root contains volatile oil and other components; the volatile oil can calm and regulate uterine activity. The water-soluble components of Angelica sinensis have an excitatory effect on the uterus as well as an analgesic effect.
Plastic film mulch cultivation techniques for Angelica sinensis are an effective measure for achieving "two highs and one excellent" in Angelica sinensis production. By adopting plastic film mulching and its supporting techniques for Angelica sinensis, obvious effects of increasing yield and income can be achieved.
1. Choose a good previous crop field. Select fertile, loose, deep-soil, relatively high-organic-matter shaded terraced fields. @#@245@#@ is the best previous crop; continuous cropping should be avoided. Deeply plow and turn the previous crop field; before sowing, combine with plowing, apply fertilizer and raise ridges.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Apply 5000 kg of farmyard manure per mu and 10-100 kg of oil residue; before sowing, combine with plowing and turning, and apply concentrated deep fertilizer. Apply 20-50 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10-15 kg of ammonium nitrate per mu as chemical fertilizer, and apply them concentrated into the ridges when raising the ridges.
3. Raise ridges and cover with film. Select ultra-thin film or strong micro-film 70-80 cm wide and 0.008 cm or 0.005 cm thick, with a dosage of 3-5 kg per mu. The ridge surface width is required to be 60 cm, the ridge spacing 40 cm, and the ridge height 10 cm, and the ridges should be straight, flat and smooth. Cover with film immediately after raising the ridges; the film covering should be stretched, firm and tight.
4. Plant in time. One day before planting, shake off the soil from the selected superior seedlings, then use 1.5 kg of Angelica sinensis root protectant per mu to dip the roots, allowing the liquid to coat the seedlings; after drying, plant them, or use 5 kg of ethoprophos granules per mu mixed with 50-60 kg of fine sand and scatter it over the tops of the seedlings at transplanting. Plant 2 rows per ridge, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of about 25 cm, keeping about 5000 plants per mu. When planting, use a hole punch to make holes on the ridge, with the holes staggered in a triangular pattern, then transplant the Angelica sinensis seedlings into the holes, planting two seedlings per hole, with the terminal bud at the top of the seedling 2-3 cm from the plastic film, then firm with fine soil and seal the openings tightly.
5. Release seedlings in time. About 10 days after transplanting, use an iron nail in the early morning to break up the hard soil layer on top of the seedlings, then scatter a little fine soil on top of the seedlings to prevent the young buds from being burned by sunlight.
6. Field management. ① Check seedlings, fill gaps and thin seedlings in time, leaving one healthy seedling per hole. ② Hoe weeds in the furrows frequently, and remove weeds under the film in time. ③ Use 50 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu; when the seedlings are weak and show signs of fertilizer deficiency, add 0.5 kg of urea and 45 kg of water, and spray once every 7 days for a total of 2-3 sprays. ④ Plastic film-mulched Angelica sinensis should be harvested appropriately late around Frost's Descent.