Introduction to the Characteristics of the Rice Variety Shaoxian No.1

Shaoxian No.1 (formerly named Shao 93-9) is a new medium-maturing, early-leaning early indica variety bred by the Shaoxing City Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Zhejiang Province through crossing Yueguo No.1 with Huilun 422, followed by backcrossing with Yueguo No.1.

Characteristics: Shaoxian No.1 is medium-maturing and early-leaning, with a whole growth period 3 d earlier than the control variety Zhe 852; it has wide adaptability and is suitable for direct seeding or seedling-throwing light cultivation as early and late season rice in double-cropping rice areas of Zhejiang Province. It has medium tillering, a compact plant type, and strong cold tolerance, especially during the heading and flowering period when it can resist the influence of adverse climatic factors. It is fertilizer-tolerant and lodging-resistant, with large panicles and many grains, about 100-110 total grains per panicle, 85-90 filled grains, a seed-setting rate of about 85%, and a 1000-grain weight of about 22 g. The flag leaf is relatively wide and upright, and it matures with green stalks and yellow grains in the later stage. Regarding rice blast resistance, according to identification by the Institute of Plant Protection, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences: the average disease grade of panicle neck blast is 1.7, and the highest disease grade is 5.0, with resistance superior to Jiayu 293, belonging to medium resistance to rice blast. The quality is medium to superior, with relatively high brown rice and head rice rates. According to chemical analysis by the Grain Chemistry Department of the China National Rice Research Institute: brown rice rate 81.3%, head rice rate 73.3%, chalkiness 8.1%, transparency grade 3, gelatinization temperature (alkali value) 5.5, gel consistency 44 mm, amylose content 23.5%, and a comprehensive rice quality score of 50 points, significantly superior to the control Zhe 852 (34 points).

In the early rice regional trial in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, the average yields per mu were 466.53 kg and 401.5 kg respectively, increasing by 9.51% and 1.85% compared with the control variety Zhe 852; in 1996, it participated in the early rice productive trial in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, with an average yield of 424.08 kg per mu, an increase of 7.9% over the control variety Zhe 852. In 1996, more than a thousand mu were planted for demonstration in Zhuji City, with an average yield of 420-450 kg per mu. From 1995 to 1999, in the light cultivation application demonstrations in various counties (cities) of Shaoxing City, it performed outstandingly, generally yielding more than 400 kg per mu, with high-yield fields exceeding 550 kg per mu.

Breeder: Shaoxing City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Province

Region and techniques: sow at the appropriate time, cultivate strong seedlings. For seedling throwing in green manure fields (including winter fallow fields): suitable for sowing at the end of March and the beginning of April; for early-maturing rapeseed and barley fields, sow around April 20. The sowing rate per mu is 150 kg, the seed rate for the field is 5 kg, the seedling age is 20-25 d, and the leaf age is 4.0-4.5 leaves. Reasonable close planting, and throw enough seedlings to establish the field population. The seedling-throwing density is generally 70 trays per mu with about 120,000 seedlings established in the field, and throwing should be uniform. Direct seeding: the suitable sowing period is April 10-20, with a seed rate of 4.5-5.0 kg per mu; after soaking and pregermination, sow directly when the weather is clear. Strengthen fertilizer and water management. The total fertilizer application in direct-seeded fields should not exceed 2000 kg/mu. On the basis of a certain amount of basal fertilizer, when the seedlings reach 1.5-2.0 leaves, apply about 5 kg of urea per mu as a weaning fertilizer. At the 5-leaf stage, apply a heavy fertilizer: 10.0-12.5 kg of urea, 20 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 7.5 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu, with later fertilizer applied according to seedling condition. Fertilization in seedling-throwing fields is the same as for direct seeding, with fertilizer focused in the early stage, and total fertilizer controlled within 2000 kg/mu. In water management, when the effective tillers in direct-seeded or seedling-throwing fields reach 280,000-300,000 per mu, drain the field in time and drain heavily to prevent an excessively large population and increase the tiller earing rate. In the later stage, irrigate with flowing water to keep the field soil moist, and never cut off water too early. Strengthen the control of diseases, insect pests, and weeds. After throwing transplanting, Shaoxian No.1 turns green quickly and tillers early, and the field growth remains green throughout, which easily causes the occurrence of rice sheath blight, stem borers, and other diseases and insect pests; therefore, disease and insect pest control should be done promptly in the field. In direct-seeded fields, select 1-2 herbicides for weed control according to the weed situation.