How good is the rice variety Ningdao 216?
Ningdao 216 (formerly coded 89XW-216) is a mid-to-late maturing variety bred by the Crop Research Institute of the Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences from a cross using 77-1313 (Ningjing 6) as the female parent and Zhou 8023 (a high-quality line introduced from Hunan) as the male parent.<特征特性>=Ningdao 216 has a whole growth period of about 145 days. Plant height is about 90 cm, and the leaves are relatively small. It has an open-panicle type with medium grain density. The grains are oval, and the glume tips are awnless. It has extremely strong tillering, a relatively high rate of productive tillers, a low rate of empty grains, fast grain filling, and good yellowing at maturity. Generally, the number of harvested panicles per mu is about 450,000, the number of filled grains per panicle is more than 60, and the 1000-grain weight is about 23 grams. It reaches a medium-to-high level of resistance to the main rice diseases in Ningxia, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight. It has good cold resistance and salt-alkali tolerance (the salt-alkali tolerance test results of the Baiyin City Agricultural Science Research Institute in Gansu Province are: Ningdao 216 > Ningjing 16 > 92XW-3 > Baiyou 2). In the two-year Ningxia high-quality rice regional trials in 1995 and 1996, the average yield per mu across multiple sites over the two years was 672.3 kg, an increase of 4.5% over the high-quality control variety Ningjing 7 and an increase of 1.7% over the high-yield control variety Ningjing 9.
According to measurements by the China National Rice Research Institute, this variety has a brown rice rate of 83.9%, a milled rice rate of 76.7%, a head rice rate of 67.1%, a length-to-width ratio of 1.6, a chalkiness rate of 6%, a chalkiness degree of 1.0, transparency grade 1, gelatinization temperature grade 7, gel consistency 80 mm, amylose content 17.3%, and protein content 9.0%. The above indicators basically meet the Ministry-issued first-grade rice standard (only the chalkiness rate is 1% higher). Both appearance and eating quality are excellent. It is a typical high-quality variety of the multi-panicle, pearl-rice type.
Breeder: Crop Research Institute of the Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Region and technology: Ningdao 216 is suitable for planting in Ningxia, neighboring provinces and regions of Ningxia, and similar rice-growing areas such as ** and Jilin. It has now been planted on more than 300,000 mu in Ningxia, Gansu, and other places. At present, production and market conditions look favorable, and it has good prospects for promotion and application.
Cultivation protocol:
1. Seedling raising: Before sowing, soak the seeds for 2-3 days in a 1000-2000 times dilution of "402" chemical. Sow and raise seedlings from April 15-20, with a sowing rate of 200-250 kg per mu. At sowing, disinfect the seedling bed with "Yizailing" or "Texiao Kangkuling". Transplant when the seedling age is about 25 days.
2. Transplanting: Transplant from May 15-20. The suitable transplanting density is a row spacing and hill spacing of 25 cm x 10 cm, with 4-5 seedlings per hill.
3. Fertilization: Follow the principle of reducing nitrogen and increasing phosphorus, promoting early, controlling in the middle, and supplementing later. Calculated per mu, apply 4-6 cubic meters of organic fertilizer (farmyard manure) incorporated during the first deep plowing; apply 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 13-15 kg of diammonium phosphate or 60 kg of superphosphate incorporated during the last plowing; after leveling the paddy field, 4-6 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 2-3 kg of urea may also be applied as a surface fertilizer. Tillering fertilizer is applied in two splits: in late May after the seedlings turn green, topdress 4-5 kg of urea per mu, and in early June topdress 5-6 kg of urea per mu; panicle fertilizer is applied around July 10, topdressing 4-5 kg of urea per mu; grain fertilizer is applied before heading or after full heading, topdressing 2-3 kg of urea or 5 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu, which helps increase grain weight and prevent premature senescence.
4. Irrigation: The principle of water layer management is "shallow-deep-shallow". That is, shallow water to promote tillering (from turning green to mid-June), moderate field drying to promote rooting and control growth (late June to early July); deep water to protect the young panicle from the booting stage to heading (mid-July to late July); after full heading, irrigate with shallow water and combine wet and dry conditions to stabilize roots, protect roots, maintain leaves, prevent lodging, and ensure full grain filling.
5. Timely and scientific harvesting: The suitable harvest period is from the late dough stage to the full ripe stage, generally late September in Ningxia. Harvest at the appropriate time according to the maturity appearance. The specific external signs are: the rice husk turns yellow, the grains turn white, and they are hard and not easily broken. Rice harvested at the appropriate time has a moisture content of 18%-20%. Combine harvesting and moderate drying of grain on an earthen yard are encouraged. For manual harvesting, the drying time in the field should be moderate, and threshing should use an axial-flow rice-specific thresher.