Detailed Explanation of Key Points for High-Yield Cultivation Techniques of Madeira Vine

1. Seedling raising: Madeira vine can be propagated by cuttings and bulbils, but cuttings are generally the main method. After new branches sprout in spring, cut healthy branches and insert them into a seedbed; loose sandy loam is best for the seedbed soil. Keep moist for about 20 days, and they can take root and become seedlings.

2. Planting: Before planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer first. Generally, apply 3000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu (667 sq m), plus 30 kg of superphosphate, then plow deeply, rake level, and make flat beds. For open-field cultivation, the planting period is mid-to-late April, with a plant spacing of 30 x 60 cm, and 3000 plants per 667 sq m. Madeira vine can be planted once and grown continuously for three years, then new seedlings should be replaced in the fourth year.

3. Field management: Madeira vine has slender vines and strong branching ability, so it needs trellis cultivation to distribute the plants evenly, increase space utilization and light-receiving area.

During the growth period of Madeira vine, attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management. Usually, water should be applied to keep moist, and in rainy periods, drainage should be done promptly. After each harvest, apply fertilizer once, 500 kg/667 sq m of human and animal manure or 10 kg/667 sq m of urea, which can promote new shoots and promote leaf enlargement.

During high temperatures in summer, use a shade net for shading, which can inhibit plant budding and differentiation, promote vegetative growth, and increase yield.

The main disease of Madeira vine is Ceylon spinach snake-eye disease. It mainly damages the leaves and makes them lose marketability. In the early stage of the disease, 75% chlorothalonil 600-fold solution or 50% procymidone 2000-fold solution can be used for control.

4. Harvesting: The harvested organs are tender leaves or tender shoots. In the early growth stage, harvest once every 15-20 days, and in the middle and late stages, harvest once every 10-15 days. Harvesting can continue until the end of the year, generally yielding 2000 kg per 667 sq m.