Introduction to the excellent potato variety Dongnong 303

Variety Introduction

① Variety origin. An excellent variety bred by Northeast Agricultural College.

② Characteristics. The plant is erect, with thick stems, about 45 cm tall, a spread of 40 cm x 50 cm, moderate branching, green leaves and white flowers. Tubers set in a concentrated cluster and high on the plant, making them easy to harvest. The tubers have a good appearance, are oval, with smooth skin, light yellow color, shallow eyes and yellow flesh. The tubers are large and uniform, 6-8 cm long and 5-6 cm in transverse diameter, with 6-7 tubers per plant and a tuber yield of about 0.4 kg per plant. When sown in spring, the yield is 1800-2000 kg per mu; when sown in autumn, the tuber yield is 900-1000 kg per mu. Early maturing, with 85-90 days from sowing to the first harvest; under plastic film mulching cultivation, it can be harvested in mid-April. When sown in autumn, it can be harvested in November. Highly resistant to mosaic virus disease, slightly susceptible to leaf roll virus disease and bacterial wilt. It has relatively strong moisture tolerance and, besides dry land, is also suitable for planting in paddy fields. Excellent quality and good eating taste.

③ Key cultivation points.

A. Seed tuber treatment. Before sowing, spread the seed tubers thinly in a warm, light-exposed place or expose them to the sun for several days, so that the young sprouts and tuber skin turn green, then cut them into pieces and sow. This can advance emergence by 3-5 days and help produce strong seedlings.

B. Sow early at the proper time and cultivate with mulching. In Northeast China, sow in early February; with plastic film mulching, sowing can be advanced to the end of January. To seize the season and bring the crop to market early, double-mulching measures can be adopted, that is, plastic film plus arched frames, and the sowing date can be advanced even further. For autumn sowing, sow in late August.

C. Cultivate on high ridges and emphasize hilling. Dongnong 303 is suitable at a density of 4000-4500 plants per mu, and under plastic film mulching cultivation the density can be increased to 6000 plants. Before sowing, form high ridges 85-90 cm wide, and plant two rows on the ridge with a plant spacing of 25-30 cm. Because the tubers set high on the plant, from emergence to before the rows close, combine weeding with hilling 2-3 times to prevent the tubers from being exposed.

D. Apply heavy base fertilizer and topdress early. The base fertilizer is 1500-2000 kg of barn manure, 20-25 kg of superphosphate and 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate. Combined application of charred mud ash and plant ash is even more beneficial for setting more tubers and larger tubers. After the seedlings emerge evenly, promptly apply 250-400 kg of human excrement and urine as a liquid dressing; thereafter, every 7-10 days apply another 7.5 kg of urea and 7.5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.

④ Suitable range. Suitable for cultivation in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas.