Key Points of Mechanized Intertillage and Ridging Technology for Potatoes

At present, it is exactly the intertillage stage of potato planting. To guide agricultural machinery operators in production, the precautions and troubleshooting of mechanized intertillage and ridging technology for potatoes are introduced as follows:

1. Adjustment methods (taking the 3ZF-4 model as an example)

1. Row spacing adjustment. Row spacing adjustment of the 3ZF-4 potato intertillage fertilizer applicator: taking the center line of the front crossbeam of the intertillage machine as the baseline, loosen the fixing screws on the main beam connecting the intertillage fertilizer applicator units on both sides, move the intertillage fertilizer applicator units, measure the spacing between the middle points of two adjacent shovel tips to the required size, then tighten the nuts. The distance between each pair of adjacent shovel tips is required to equal the required row spacing, with an error not greater than 5 mm.

2. Adjustment of the hoe shovel wing opening. The adjustment of the hoe shovel wing opening is achieved by adjusting the bolt position of the shovel wings. Remove the fastening bolts, move the double wings to the required opening angle, then install bolts in the corresponding holes and tighten them. Note: the opening angle of the double wings must be symmetrical relative to both sides of the unit, otherwise the intertillage quality will be affected.

3. Adjustment of the soil penetration depth. The soil penetration depth is mainly achieved by adjusting the vertical position of the hoe shovel on the frame. In intertillage and fertilization operations in relatively hard soil, the front depth-limiting wheel should be removed, the fastening screws should be loosened, and the vertical position of the hoe shovel should be adjusted to meet the agronomic requirements; if operating in relatively loose soil, the depth-limiting wheel should be installed, and the vertical positions of the depth-limiting wheel and the hoe shovel should be adjusted separately to meet the agronomic requirements.

4. Adjustment of the fertilizer discharge rate. The fertilizer discharge rate per mu of the 3ZF-4 potato intertillage fertilizer applicator is between 7 and 45 kg, and the fertilizer discharge rate can be correctly adjusted according to agronomic requirements. The specific adjustment method is as follows: first tighten the fastening nut on the fertilizer discharger shaft, and adjust the effective working length of the fertilizer discharge groove extending into the fertilizer box so that the fertilizer discharge rate meets the specified agronomic requirements (the greater the working length of the fertilizer discharge groove extending into the fertilizer box, the greater the fertilizer discharge rate; otherwise, it is smaller).

2. Operating procedures

First, the driving and operating technique must be proficient, and the machine must be driven straight and true, otherwise the seedlings will be cut off and yield will be reduced; second, after the machine is hitched to the tractor, adjust the left and right suspension arms of the tractor lifting mechanism to the horizontal position, tighten the chains of the suspension arms, minimize the swing of the implement, and keep it stable to prevent damage to the seedlings; third, during operation, frequently clean up the weeds and soil entangled and stuck on the working parts to keep the operation normal. After each shift, thoroughly remove weeds and mud from the machine, tighten the screws of all parts, and add grease to lubricate the bearings; fourth, if faults or weed accumulation are found during operation of the machine, stop the machine promptly for cleaning and removal. Fifth, when the machine is in a lifted state, maintenance work must not be carried out under the machine to prevent injury.