Two new potato varieties approved at national level
Zhongshu No. 7
Approval number: Guoshen Shu 2006001
Breeding institution: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Variety source: Bred by sexual hybridization and systematic selection from Zhongshu No. 2 x Jizhangshu No. 4
Characteristics: Early-maturing variety, 64 days from emergence to maturity. Plant type upright, strong growth vigor, plant height 50 cm, leaves dark green, stems purple, corolla purplish red, tubers round, light yellow skin, creamy white flesh, skin smooth, eyes shallow, stolons short, tubers set in a concentrated manner, marketable tuber rate 61.7%. Inoculation identification: moderately resistant to mild mosaic virus disease, highly resistant to severe mosaic virus disease, lightly to moderately susceptible to late blight. Tuber quality: vitamin C content in fresh tubers 32.8 mg/100 g, starch content 13.2%, dry matter content 18.8%, reducing sugar content 0.20%, crude protein content 2.02%.
Yield performance: In the national potato variety regional trials from 2004 to 2005, in the early-maturing Central Plains double-cropping group, tuber yields per mu were 1653 kg and 1528 kg respectively, 8.2% lower and 26.1% higher than the control Dongnong 303 respectively, with a two-year average yield per mu of 1591 kg, 5.5% higher than the control Dongnong 303; in the southern winter-cropping group, tuber yields per mu were 1702 kg and 1437 kg respectively, 16.5% and 65.2% higher than the control Dongnong 303 respectively, with a two-year average yield per mu of 1570 kg, 34.6% higher than the control Dongnong 303. In the 2005 production trial of the early-maturing Central Plains double-cropping group, tuber yield per mu was 1902 kg, 7.3% higher than the control Dongnong 303.
Key cultivation techniques: (1) In the Central Plains double-cropping region, sow in spring from early January to mid-to-late March and harvest from May to late June; sow in autumn from early-to-mid August to early September, soak seed tubers in 5-8 mg/L gibberellin aqueous solution for 5-10 minutes before sowing, then cover with moist sandy soil to promote sprouting, and harvest from late October to early December; spring planting under plastic film may be sown appropriately earlier. In the southern winter-cropping region, sow from October to December; (2) Plant appropriately sparsely; for flat planting, row spacing 60-70 cm, plant spacing 25-30 cm, density 4000-4500 plants per mu. In seed production fields, to increase the propagation coefficient, density may be increased to 6000-6500 plants per mu; (3) Choose plots with loose soil and convenient irrigation and drainage for sowing; avoid continuous cropping, and do not rotate with other Solanaceae crops. Seed production fields should be isolated from marketable potato production fields and other disease-source crops. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer, strengthen early-stage management after emergence, and timely earth up and cultivate to promote early vigorous growth and early tuber formation; irrigate timely during the tuber formation and tuber bulking stages, and stop irrigation 1 week before harvest to facilitate harvest and storage; (4) Suitable for intercropping and relay intercropping with crops such as cotton and corn. In double-cropping regions for seed production, harvest appropriately early in spring and sow appropriately late in autumn, and pay attention to timely pesticide spraying to control aphids and remove diseased plants.
Suitable regions: This variety is an early-maturing fresh-market variety, moderately resistant to mild mosaic virus disease, highly resistant to severe mosaic virus disease, and lightly to moderately susceptible to late blight. It is suitable for spring and autumn planting in the Central Plains double-cropping region of Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong and Henan, and for winter early-maturing cultivation in the southern winter-cropping region of Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi. Zhongshu No. 8
Approval number: Guoshen Shu 2006002
Breeding institution: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Variety source: Bred by sexual hybridization and systematic selection from W953 x FL475
Characteristics: Early-maturing variety, 63 days from emergence to maturity. Plants upright, strong growth vigor, plant height 52 cm, few branches, vigorous foliage, stems and leaves both green, compound leaves large, leaf margins slightly wavy, corolla white, tubers oblong, light yellow skin, light yellow flesh, skin smooth, eyes shallow, stolons short, tubers set in a concentrated manner, tubers large and uniform, marketable tuber rate 77.7%. Inoculation identification: highly resistant to mild mosaic virus disease, resistant to severe mosaic virus disease, lightly to moderately susceptible to late blight. Tuber quality: vitamin C content in fresh tubers 19.0 mg/100 g, starch content 12.2%, dry matter content 18.3%, reducing sugar content 0.41%, crude protein content 2.02%; excellent quality when steamed.
Yield performance: In the national potato variety regional trials from 2004 to 2005, in the early-maturing Central Plains double-cropping group, tuber yields per mu were 1945 kg and 1610 kg respectively, 10.9% and 32.9% higher than the control Dongnong 303 respectively, with a two-year average yield per mu of 1778 kg, 17.9% higher than the control Dongnong 303; in the southern winter-cropping group, tuber yields per mu were 1665 kg and 1374 kg respectively, 13.9% and 57.9% higher than the control Dongnong 303 respectively, with a two-year average yield per mu of 1520 kg, 30.4% higher than the control Dongnong 303. In the 2005 production trial of the early-maturing Central Plains double-cropping group, tuber yield per mu was 1991 kg, 12.3% higher than the control Dongnong 303.
Key cultivation techniques: (1) In the Central Plains double-cropping region, sow in spring from early January to mid-to-late March and harvest from May to late June; sow in autumn from early-to-mid August to early September, soak seed tubers in 5-8 mg/L gibberellin aqueous solution for 5-10 minutes before sowing, then cover with moist sandy soil to promote sprouting, and harvest from late October to early December; spring planting under plastic film may be sown appropriately earlier. In the southern winter-cropping region, sow from October to December and harvest from February to April. (2) For flat planting, row spacing 60-70 cm, plant spacing 20-25 cm, density 4500-5000 plants per mu. In seed production fields, to increase the propagation coefficient, density may be increased to 6000-6500 plants per mu. (3) Choose plots with loose soil and convenient irrigation and drainage for sowing; avoid continuous cropping, and do not rotate with other Solanaceae crops. Seed production fields should be isolated from marketable potato production fields and other disease-source crops. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer, strengthen early-stage management after emergence, and apply topdressing early and in small amounts. Timely weed, cultivate and earth up heavily to promote early vigorous growth and early tuber formation; irrigate timely during the tuber formation and tuber bulking stages, but prevent excessive vegetative growth caused by excessive fertilization and watering. Stop irrigation 1 week before harvest to facilitate harvest and storage. (4) Can be intercropped and relay intercropped with crops such as cotton and corn. In double-cropping regions for seed production, harvest appropriately early in spring and sow appropriately late in autumn, and pay attention to timely pesticide spraying to control aphids and remove diseased plants.
Suitable regions: This variety is an early-maturing fresh-market variety, highly resistant to mild mosaic virus disease, resistant to severe mosaic virus disease, and lightly to moderately susceptible to late blight. It is suitable for spring and autumn planting in the Central Plains double-cropping region of Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong and Henan, and for winter early-maturing cultivation in the southern winter-cropping region of Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi.