How to prevent and control potato blackleg? A detailed guide to practical measures

[Prevention and control measures] (1) Implement quarantine, strictly prohibit the transfer of seed potatoes from diseased areas, and prevent further spread. (2) Select disease-resistant, high-yielding varieties suited to the local area to reduce damage. (3) Select and retain disease-free seed potatoes. In the south, use autumn planting for seed production, choosing moderately sized small tubers to use directly as seed potatoes; in northern potato regions, establish disease-free seed fields, and in severely affected areas adopt whole-tuber sowing to avoid transmission by cutting knives. True seedlings, or disease-free stem cuttings for raising seedlings, may also be used, planting disease-free seed potatoes to reduce primary infection sources. (4) Choose sandy loam and high, dry land for planting, prepare the soil finely, drain and irrigate in a timely manner, and fertilize reasonably to ensure robust plants, enhance disease resistance, and slow the progression of the disease. Promptly pull out diseased plants, and strictly remove diseased potatoes during harvest, selection, transport, and storage to reduce infection sources. (5) Use agricultural streptomycin or copper sulfate solution to disinfect seed potatoes, or sun-dry them before planting to promote suberization of the seed potatoes, which can control pathogen infection.