Introduction to the Characteristics and Traits of the Jiahe Zaozhan Rice Variety
Jiahe Zaozhan was developed by the Rice Breeding Group of the School of Life Sciences at Xiamen University through a combination of sexual hybridization and the original "rice mature pollen irradiation mutagenesis technique" (which won the Second Prize for Science and Technology Progress of Fujian Province), and was bred through the pedigree method as Fujian Province's first late-maturing early-season new variety meeting the national quality standard for edible rice. It was recognized by the organizing committee of the '99 China International Agricultural@#@119@#@ as a "Famous Brand Product" early-season variety and won the Second Prize for Science and Technology Progress of Xiamen City in 1999. Its cross combination: E94/Guangdong Dalizhong//713///Waiyin 30 (mature pollen irradiated with gamma rays at 9.3 Gy).<特征特性>=Jiahe Zaozhan has a full growth period of 125 days, plant height of 100-105 cm, moderate plant type, light green leaf color, colorless glume tips, panicle length of 20 cm, grain density of 44 grains/10 cm, seed setting rate of 90%, slender grains, 1000-grain weight of 26.8 g, and an average yield of about 400 kg per mu. Jiahe Zaozhan is a quality early indica variety that combines good quality with high yield. From 1997 to 1999, it was promoted on a cumulative area of over 500,000 mu in Fujian, Jiangxi and other provinces, including 60,400 mu of demonstration planting in Fujian Province in 1998 and over 420,000 mu promoted in 1999. Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hunan and Hubei provinces and autonomous regions have successively introduced and trial-planted it.
This variety has good quality. According to analysis by the Rice and Rice Products Quality Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the early-season rice meets the national second-grade quality edible rice standard, and the late-season rice meets the national first-grade quality edible rice standard. The comprehensive evaluation of rice quality is significantly superior to the domestic quality control variety "Zhou 903". The rice of this variety is suitable for both dry rice and congee, has very good palatability, and is deeply welcomed. Jiahe Zaozhan is moderately resistant to rice blast, resistant to bacterial leaf blight, and moderately susceptible to sheath blight. It is suitable for planting in both early and late seasons in fields of medium to high fertility in blast-light or blast-free areas south of 28 degrees latitude.
Breeder: Rice Breeding Group, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University
Region and Technology: This variety is the main variety for improving early rice quality in Fujian Province. Because of its excellent rice quality, it is deeply welcomed by the people, and the price per kilogram of paddy is 15%-40% higher than that of ordinary early rice paddy. It can increase returns by 56-100 yuan per mu. It is expected that the annual promoted area in Fujian, Jiangxi and other provinces will reach 1 million mu in the future, generating enormous economic and social benefits.
Cultivation Guidelines:
1. Sow at the right time and cultivate strong seedlings. In southern Fujian, sow in early March for the early season, with a seedling age not exceeding 30 days. The seeding rate in the seedling bed is 50-60 kg per mu, and the seed rate for the main field is 4-5 kg per mu.
2. Plant at appropriate density and ensure sufficient basic seedlings. Transplant in early April, with planting spacing of 16.7 cm x 16.7 cm or 16.7 cm x 20 cm, planting 4-5 seedlings per hill, ensuring 80,000-100,000 seedlings per mu, or 18,000 hills by seedling throwing.
3. Fertilization principle of promoting early growth, controlling mid-growth, and maintaining late growth. Apply 10-12 kg of pure nitrogen, 3-4 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 6-8 kg of potassium chloride per mu. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the ratio of basal fertilizer:tillering fertilizer:panicle fertilizer of 4:4:2; phosphate fertilizer is used as basal fertilizer and tillering fertilizer; potassium fertilizer is mainly used as tillering fertilizer. Apply tillering fertilizer in two applications 15 days after transplanting. Apply panicle fertilizer at the second stage of young panicle differentiation, mainly with compound fertilizer. After full heading, carry out foliar topdressing together with pest control, using 0.25 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu.
4. Save water and irrigate rationally. Maintain shallow water during tillering, and drain the field for drying 20 days after transplanting. Control the maximum tiller number to below 300,000 stems and aim for 210,000-230,000 panicles. After field drying, use intermittent irrigation. Harvest only when maturity exceeds 95%, and stop water to dry the field one week before harvest.
5. Timely control pests and diseases and eliminate rodent damage. According to forecasts from local plant protection departments, timely control various pests. Pay attention to controlling rice blast and sheath blight. Rats are especially harmful to quality rice. From plowing to harvest, unified action must be taken across entire field blocks, applying poison bait or using other methods to eliminate rodent damage.
Approval Status: Bred in 1996, after 2 years of regional trials in Fujian Province, it passed the approval of the Fujian Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in March 1999.