Introduction to the high-yield rice variety Panjin No. 2

Panjin No. 2 (H148) is a super-high-yield new rice variety developed by our institute from a cross between line 27, which carries indica (IR36) bloodline, and Huangjin 300 grains in 1988, followed by multiple generations of selection.

After it stabilized, it entered identification trials in 1992, entered the institute's variety comparison trial in 1993, and began external introduction and trial planting in 1995, fully demonstrating its characteristics of high yield, multiple resistance, and good quality.

I. Characteristics and traits

1. Seedling stage: strong seed germination vigor, fast and uniform emergence, well-developed root system, sturdy seedlings, resistance to low temperature and tolerance to salinity and alkalinity;

2. Tillering: quick greening after transplanting, early tillering, strong tillering ability and good tillering posture, high effective tiller rate, generally reaching 220,000-230,000 panicles per mu, and 250,000 panicles with seedling throwing;

3. Plant type: plant height 90-95 cm, 16 leaves, leaves broad, thick, and upright, plants spreading at tillering stage and slightly closing after jointing, loose plant architecture, good ventilation and light transmission;

4. Panicle and grain traits: loose-to-dense panicle type, dense grain setting, average 140-160 filled grains per panicle, filled grain rate above 85%, large panicles about 350 grains, 1000-grain weight about 26 g, grains light yellow, oval, awnless;

5. Grain quality: milled rice milky white, small chalkiness, high head rice rate in milling, good palatability;

6. Resistance: resistant to rice blast and rice false smut, lightly infected by sheath blight, extremely resistant to lodging, tolerant to low temperature, resistant to salinity and alkalinity;

7. Maturity: about 160 days in Panjin, a mid-late maturing variety, suitable for planting in Panjin, Yingkou, Luda, Dandong, southern Jinzhou, and Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, and other places; south of Liaoyang and Anshan, sow, transplant, and manage as early as possible.

II. Yield performance

In the 1993 in-house variety comparison trial, the yield was 798 kg per mu, an increase of 40.5% over the control Liaojing No. 5 at 568 kg per mu; in the 1994 variety comparison trial, the yield was 675.5 kg per mu, an increase of 34.2% over the control Liaojing No. 5 at 503.1 kg per mu. The general yield is 600-700 kg per mu. In 1995, Xing Changkui in Shifo Township, Yingkou City, obtained an average yield of 760 kg per mu on 13.5 mu; in 1996, the variety comparison trial yielded 668.9 kg per mu, an increase of 27.7% over the control Liaojing No. 5 at 523.9 kg per mu, and an increase of 16.3% over Liaojing 326 at 575 kg per mu; in 1996, Gao Shichang at Wangjia Farm in Dawa County obtained an average yield of 780.4 kg per mu of Panjin No. 2 on 8.5 mu.

III. Key cultivation techniques

In view of this variety's large panicles, many grains, and long grain-filling period, (1) sow and transplant early at the proper time, sowing in early April; transplant seedlings from May 15-25, using 9×4 inches, with 3-4 seedlings per hill.

(2) Apply fertilizer early, with 65-70 kg of standard nitrogen per mu, combined with phosphorus, potassium, and zinc fertilizers; apply 80% of the total nitrogen amount before June 20, and apply the remaining 20% at the jointing and booting stages. If conditions permit, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Yemianbao twice before and after heading to promote early maturity and increase grain weight and yield;

(3) Use an irrigation method combining shallow, deep, and dry conditions, and add one extra irrigation around September 20;

(4) Pay attention to pest and disease control. Strictly disinfect seeds, and apply pesticides early to control the striped stem borer and sheath blight. Before heading, in combination with spraying Yemianbao and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray Daofengling once to control late-season pests and diseases.