Detailed introduction to the rice variety Guyou No. 14

After the "father of hybrid rice" Yuan Longping bred hybrid rice in the 1970s, the world experienced a second Green Revolution. However, hybrid rice seed production procedures are complicated and expensive, and there are many fake seeds on the market. How to breed apomictic rice that can be used as seed generation after generation became the long-cherished wish of many breeders. Now, apomictic rice bred by researcher Chen Jiansan, a famous breeder at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and other experts has realized this wish. The biggest features of apomictic rice: besides not needing annual seed production, it has also made great breakthroughs in rice quality, yield and resistance. Guyou No. 14 and Hongbao No. 3 introduced in this article belong to apomictic rice.

This variety was bred by Chen Jiansan in cooperation with Rao Shuijia of Hubei. According to the author's cultivation experiment as a single-season wheat-stubble rice in 2000, the characteristics are summarized as follows: the plant height of this variety is about 105 cm, the plant type is compact, the stems are relatively thick, and the lodging resistance is strong. The flag leaf is about 38 cm long. 2.10 cm wide, the leaves are held upright and not drooping, and the light-receiving posture is good. The panicle is large and has many grains, with about 350 grains per panicle, and there are rarely small panicles with fewer than 200 grains. The main panicle and large panicles have more than 400 grains, over a chi long. In the field, the largest panicle length found was 43 cm, with more than 500 grains, making it a super-large-panicle-type variety. The grains are golden yellow, the 1000-grain weight is 23 grams, and the seed-setting rate is above 90%. After rough processing, the rice grains are cylindrical, with no white core or white belly. The appearance of the rice grains is crystal clear like jade, and the cooked rice is loose, soft, not sticky and elastic, making it a high-quality rice variety. In the field, this variety shows high resistance to rice blast and sheath blight, and moderate resistance to bacterial leaf blight.

Shortcomings and suitable planting areas: Although this variety can surpass hybrid rice in many aspects, shortcomings of this variety were also found during the experiment. For example, if it encounters continuous rainy weather during the heading period, a small amount of panicle neck blast occurs, which can be controlled with agents such as compound tricyclazole at the boot-breaking stage. Seed-production fields need timely roguing and purification, and must be threshed, harvested and stored separately without artificial mixing, so they can be used as seed year after year. It is suitable for planting as single-season rice in the Huang-Huai River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, and in southern regions such as Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan it can be used for both early and late seasons.