What are the pollution-free production techniques for garlic?

1. Select good garlic varieties. For the winter-spring early-maturing garlic in Yousuo and Dengchuan, the main variety is the "Hongqixing" (Red Seven Stars) from Wenjiang, Sichuan; for the large white garlic in Sanying, the main variety is the "Dabaisuan" (Large White Garlic) from Shandong.

2. Sow at the right time: when planting garlic, dry land is sown from September 10 to 30; paddy fields are sown from October 1-30.

3. Reasonable close planting: the sowing density for winter-spring early-maturing garlic is 110,000 plants/mu, with a sowing rate of 200-230 kg per mu; for Y garlic and Shandong large white garlic, the sowing density is 90,000 plants/mu; the sowing rate is 170-200 kg.

4. Scientific fertilization: control nitrogen fertilization; balanced fertilization; reasonably increase the application of organic fertilizer, apply heavy base fertilizer and light topdressing; actively promote a safe interval period for nitrogen fertilizer application. Garlic has a high fertilizer requirement; generally, the base fertilizer per mu is 2000 kg of barnyard manure, 15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 25-35 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of potassium fertilizer; at the seedling stage, apply 20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; at the bulb expansion stage, apply 15 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer. At the same time, spray 100 grams per mu of garlic fruit-strengthening agent.

5. For garlic disease control, seed dressing with chemicals is mainly promoted, and seed-borne and soil-borne diseases are strictly controlled. Chemical seed dressing is a conventional basic measure for controlling seed-borne and soil-borne diseases and preventing disease epidemics; it is economical and efficient and should be vigorously promoted and popularized. For garlic white rot, carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl can be selected and used to dress seeds at 0.5--1% of the garlic seed weight. In garlic fields, at the 2-2.5 leaf stage of weeds, use 100 grams per mu of diuron for control. For the control of pests such as leafminer, onion root mite, and thrips, the preferred chemicals are still avermectin-type agents, and at the same time the promotion and application of frequency-vibration insect-killing lamps should be strengthened. For the control of garlic leaf blight, before the 7-8 leaf stage, mancozeb-type chemicals are mainly used for prevention; when entering the garlic bolt elongation stage, chemicals such as Shigao, Jiangcong Suanbingqing, and Keyishuang should be selected. At the same time, attention should be paid to the safe interval period.