How should current rice production be managed? Technical guidance is here

At present, China's early rice production has entered the late growth stage. In southern Guangdong and Guangxi, the vast majority of early rice has entered the grain-filling stage, and a small portion has entered the maturity stage; in central Guangdong and Guangxi, heading has begun; in northern Guangdong and Guangxi, it has entered the initial heading stage to heading stage. Early rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has entered the milk-ripe stage and is expected to begin harvesting around July 10. Single-season rice in Northeast China is in the tillering peak stage, young panicle differentiation stage and booting stage from south to north; mid-season rice in the winter paddy field areas of Southwest China is in the booting stage, the river valley and hilly areas have begun young panicle differentiation, and the Chengdu Plain area is in the field-drying stage at the maximum tiller stage; single-season mid-season rice in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has entered the booting stage, and single-season late rice has entered the tillering stage; in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River rice region, transplanted mid-season rice is in the seedling establishment and standing stage, and direct-seeded mid-season rice is in the emergence and full-stand stage. Double-season late rice in South China is in the seedling-raising stage. In response to the current rice growth conditions, the Rice Expert Guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture has proposed the following technical guidance for current rice production management:

I. Effectively strengthen late-stage management of early rice to ensure every grain is harvested

First, strengthen water management. Intermittent aerobic irrigation should be adopted, that is, after irrigation, wait for the water to dry naturally for 2-3 days before irrigating again. In addition, do not cut off water too early; cut off water 5-7 days before harvest. Second, supplement foliar fertilizer. Spray foliar fertilizer once each at the full heading stage and grain-filling stage to improve the seed-setting rate. Third, strengthen pest and disease control. Focus on the control of stem borers, rice planthoppers, rice leaf folders, rice blast, bacterial leaf streak, rice false smut, and so on. Fourth, promptly organize emergency harvesting, harvesting each field as soon as it matures, to avoid losses from another flood or waterlogging disaster.

II. Strengthen field management of mid-season rice in the middle and late stages to ensure sufficient panicles and large panicles

In the lower reaches of the Yangtze River rice region, for medium- and large-seedling hand-transplanted rice, tillering fertilizer should be applied early, generally 7-8 kg of urea per mu 5 days after transplanting; 10-15 days after transplanting, supplement tillering fertilizer according to seedling diagnosis. For throw-transplanted rice, water and slurry management should be strengthened, and shallow, moist irrigation should be used during the seedling establishment and tillering stage to promote deep root growth. For machine-transplanted rice, 7-10 days after transplanting, the field should be frequently exposed for aeration to promote rooting and root establishment; field drying should be appropriately advanced to control ineffective tillering, generally starting field drying when the whole field's seedlings reach about 80% of the expected panicle number, and controlling the peak seedling number at 1.4-1.5 times the expected panicle number. For direct-seeded rice fields with no seedlings due to smothered or rotted seed, or with too few basic seedlings (fewer than 40,000 basic seedlings per mu), reseeding should be carried out immediately with varieties that have a short growth period and can mature safely, and the seeding rate should be appropriately increased; thinning and uniforming of seedlings in fields with missing seedlings should be strengthened, tillering fertilizer should be applied early, and tillering should be promoted to secure panicles. In the Southwest China rice region, the focus is on strengthening field drying to control seedlings and on pest and disease control. In the Northeast China rice region, the focus is on preventing excessive vegetative growth and late maturity, promoting early maturity, and preventing low-temperature chilling injury. In addition, each rice region must carry out forecasting and control for local major pests and diseases, such as rice blast in Northeast China, and stem borers, rice planthoppers and stripe virus disease in Southwest China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River rice region.

III. Do a good job in rush-planting late rice to ensure the area does not decrease and basic seedlings are not reduced

Rationally arrange the sowing period of late rice to ensure sufficient seed and sufficient seedlings; bring fertilizer and pesticides into the field to ensure planting density and quality; take effective measures to organize substitute cultivation of abandoned paddy fields to ensure the late rice area does not decrease.