Comprehensive Pest and Disease Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Goji Berry

Goji berry, as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, not only has high medicinal value, but its fruit, leaves, stems, and roots can also be eaten or drunk. With the improvement of people's living standards, in recent years more and more varieties of goji berry wine, pastries, and other products have been developed, and the usage is also increasing.

The commonly occurring pests and diseases of goji berry mainly include: aphids, goji berry leaf beetles, whiteflies, cotton bollworms, gall mites, and powdery mildew, anthracnose, leaf spot disease, viral disease, etc. The comprehensive control technical measures are introduced as follows.

Control principles: prevention first, combining prevention and control. Strategically, focus on healthy cultivation and biological control, physical control, and agricultural control, with chemical control as a supplement. Adhere to using one pesticide to control multiple pests and diseases. On the premise of effectively controlling pests and diseases, minimize the amount of pesticide used.

Control measures: ① Choose good site conditions. The planting field should be flat, convenient for irrigation and drainage, and have fertile soil. ② Select disease-resistant varieties. ③ Reasonable close planting. When initially planting and establishing the orchard, for high yield, 1000 plants per mu can be planted, and as the plants grow, plants can be gradually thinned out to expand the plant spacing. However, the row spacing should be fixed, generally 1.5-2 m. ④ Reasonable fertilization. Apply more organic fertilizer, biological fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of long-acting slow-release fertilizer. According to the size of the tree, 3-5 cubic meters of decomposed chicken manure, 5-8 kg of biological bacterial fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of slow-release compound fertilizer should be applied per mu each year. ⑤ Reduce the degree of pest and disease occurrence. During the growing season, keep the field and surrounding areas free of weeds; after overwintering, promptly remove fallen leaves and fruit from the field, and bury them deeply or burn them; do not plant tomatoes, melons, and other plants prone to shared pests and diseases within a short distance nearby. After overwintering and before and after budding, spray 2-3 rounds of insecticides and fungicides. Options include 30% crystal lime sulfur mixture at 150 times dilution, 70% thiophanate-methyl at 500 times dilution, and 1.8% abamectin at 2000 times dilution. When spraying, the concentration should be sufficient, and the spraying should be uniform and thorough. Viral disease control focuses on early control of aphids, mites, etc., combined with spraying plant virus inhibitors such as Zhibingling and Duwei; when there are few diseased plants, they can be pulled out. During the disease period, flooding irrigation is prohibited, and after rain, accumulated water should be drained promptly, and pesticides should be sprayed within 24 hours. ⑥ Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., at appropriate times.