A Detailed Explanation of Eight Advanced Rice Transplanting Methods

1. Improved Intensive Cultivation: Transplant young seedlings early at the 3-leaf to 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Fields with good water sources should be transplanted early, while fields with poor water sources can be transplanted slightly later. Both dry-raised and water-raised seedlings are suitable, but basal fertilizer must be applied in full, the soil deeply plowed and leveled, strong seedlings selected as much as possible, and transplanting done in shallow water; both row spacing and hill spacing are 1 chi 3 cun, with three individual plants per hill spaced 3 cun apart in a triangular arrangement. This transplanting method has density within sparseness and sparseness within density, minimizing competition among plants for nutrients and sunlight to the greatest extent, which benefits individual plant development and thus can greatly increase yield. It is the most advocated transplanting method today.

2. General Wide-Narrow Row Cultivation: Seedlings at the 4-leaf to 6-leaf stage; wide rows 1 chi 2 cun, narrow rows 6 cun, hill spacing 6 cun, about 10,000 hills per mu; plant a single strong seedling per hill, or two seedlings per hill for weak seedlings. Arrange rows in an east-west direction, transplant in straight lines using a string, which facilitates ventilation and row openness, reduces pest and disease damage, enhances photosynthesis of the middle and upper leaves in the mid-to-late growth stages, increases grain number and grain weight, and thereby increases yield.

3. Wide-Narrow Row Interplanting of Hybrid Rice and Glutinous Rice: On the basis of general wide-narrow row cultivation, plant 1 row of glutinous rice (commonly called jiugu) every two wide rows, with hill spacing of 1 chi 2 cun to 1 chi 5 cun, and 3 to 5 plants per hill. Pay attention to seed soaking and disinfection to prevent rice blast; sow and transplant hybrid rice and glutinous rice at the same time. Because space is rationally used to add glutinous rice, it grows in harmony with the hybrid rice, and rice blast is effectively controlled, yield can be increased.

4. Jiugu Seedling Compartment Interplanting of Hybrid Rice and Glutinous Rice: Every 5 chi 5 cun, use a string to plant one row of jiugu seedlings, which is commonly called opening compartments with jiugu seedlings; within each compartment, plant 5 rows of hybrid rice with hill spacing of 6 cun, plant 3 to 5 jiugu seedlings per hill, and plant a single hybrid rice plant per hill. This method saves labor and time, reduces disease, and yields both hybrid and glutinous rice, so it is fairly popular.

5. Wide Row and Narrow Plant Transplanting: East-west row direction, transplant using a string, hill spacing 6 cun, row spacing 9 cun, 11,000 hills per mu, plant a single strong seedling per hill, transplant appropriately early and shallowly, which favors early growth and rapid development and increases effective panicles. The advantages of this method are that it is convenient and easy to carry out, provides ventilation and light penetration, reduces disease, promotes individual development, forms a reasonable population, and helps increase yield and income.

6. Grid-Marked Transplanting: Use a transplanting grid marker to mark a 6 x 10 cun grid, plant one plant at each intersection, 10,000 hills per mu, plant a single strong seedling per hill, keep an east-west row direction, mark straight and even lines, keep the field level with shallow water, and as long as the grid marks are visible, transplanting is convenient; after transplanting, stabilize the roots and restore the water. One person or multiple people can operate it, it is relatively standardized, combines the advantages of multiple transplanting methods, and both saves labor and increases yield.

7. Semi-Dry Transplanting: East-west row direction, every 1 chi 8 cun use a string to open ditches and form ridges, with the ridge surface shaped like a tile back, water stored in the ditches, and the ridge surface moist; plant two rows per ridge, row spacing 5 to 6 cun, hill spacing 6 cun, one plant per hill, about 10,000 plants per mu; generally the transplanting points are basically level with the water line, and medium-to-small seedlings are planted. This method not only benefits root growth and promotes individual development, but also provides ventilation and light penetration, reduces pest and disease damage, and can also be used for rice field @#@233@#@, promoting a double harvest of rice and fish.

9. Seedling Throwing: Suitable for dry-raised plastic-film seedlings in seedling trays, thrown and transplanted at about the 3-leaf stage. The field should be level, the water shallow, and the amount calculated well; generally about 18 plants per square meter, that is, 12,000 hills per mu. A person stands on the field ridge and uses skillful force to throw high, far, and evenly, so the seedlings spread out and follow a parabolic arc. It is also possible not to throw them but instead use the method of transplanting in standardized positions with a string, likewise achieving the effect of increased yield and income.

It is worth explaining that no matter which transplanting method is used, there are seven common key points: first, shallow, even, stable, and straight; second, seed coating or seed soaking and disinfection to raise strong seedlings; third, heavy application of basal fertilizer in the field to promote early growth and rapid development; fourth, remove inferior and diseased seedlings and transplant large strong seedlings; fifth, avoid transplanting during times of excessively high temperature; sixth, transplant in level fields with shallow water; seventh, use an east-west row direction and do not transplant along the "field bend."