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Detailed Explanation of Garlic's Characteristics and Growth Habits

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Garlic is a herbaceous plant of the Liliaceae family. Its roots are fibrous, string-like adventitious roots, with no main root, white in color, with a small root distribution range and weak absorption capacity. The leaves are strap-shaped and green, and the leaf sheaths are tubular, wrapping in multiple layers to form a pseudostem, white or purple at the base and white on the inner layers. As the number of leaves increases, the pseudostem thickens and becomes the pungent, emerald-green green garlic (garlic sprouts). After the green garlic passes through the winter low-temperature stage, it can send out garlic bolts, namely flower bolts, from the base of the rhizome. The vast majority of varieties do not flower or set seed, and only form many tiny bulbils on the inflorescence, called aerial bulbils, or

Garlic is a herbaceous plant of the Liliaceae family. Its roots are fibrous, string-like adventitious roots, with no main root, white in color, with a small root distribution range and weak absorption capacity. The leaves are strap-shaped and green, and the leaf sheaths are tubular, wrapping in multiple layers to form a pseudostem, white or purple at the base and white on the inner layers. As the number of leaves increases, the pseudostem thickens and becomes the pungent, emerald-green green garlic (garlic sprouts).

After the green garlic passes through the winter low-temperature stage, it can send out garlic bolts, namely flower bolts, from the base of the rhizome. The vast majority of varieties do not flower or set seed, and only form many tiny bulbils on the inflorescence, called aerial bulbils, or garlic beads, which can be used for propagation. Around the base of the garlic bolt, 7 to 17 or even more bulb cloves (that is, garlic cloves) will also emerge, and the garlic cloves are arranged tightly together to form a garlic bulb. The size of the garlic bulb depends on the number and size of the garlic cloves. For varieties grown for the purpose of producing garlic bulbs, obtaining thick, tender garlic bolts and large, plump garlic bulbs requires not only excellent, highly adaptable varieties, but also the creation of good environmental conditions suitable for garlic growth and development as well as scientific cultivation and management techniques.

Garlic requires a cool climate, is cold-tolerant and heat-sensitive, and can withstand low temperatures of around -10°C. Growth is hindered above 26°C, and leaves turn yellow and wither above 30°C. The optimum growth temperature is 15°C to 20°C. During the bulb expansion period, clear weather of 20 to 25°C is required; rainy, humid conditions will cause the garlic cloves to scatter and prevent the formation of a garlic bulb. Its root system is short and shallow, and it is highly adaptable to soil, but sandy loam soil rich in organic matter, fertile and loose, is most suitable for its growth. The most suitable soil pH value is 5.5 to 6.1.

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