A Detailed Explanation of 8 Advanced Rice Transplanting Methods
1. Improved intensive cultivation: Transplant young seedlings early at the 3-leaf to 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Fields with a good water source should be planted early, while fields with a poor water source can be planted slightly later. Both dry-raised seedlings and water-raised seedlings are suitable, but in all cases sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied, the soil should be deeply plowed and harrowed level, strong seedlings should be selected as much as possible, and transplanting should be done in shallow water; both row spacing and hill spacing are 1 chi 3 cun, with three single plants per hill spaced 3 cun apart in a triangular arrangement. This transplanting method has density within sparseness and sparseness within density, reducing competition among plants for nutrients and sunlight to the greatest extent, which is beneficial to the individual development of the plants and can therefore greatly increase yield. It is the most advocated transplanting method today.
2. General wide-narrow row cultivation: At a seedling age of 4 to 6 leaves, with wide rows at 1 chi 2 cun, narrow rows at 6 cun, and hill spacing at 6 cun, plant about 10,000 hills per mu, with one single plant per hill for strong seedlings and two plants per hill for weak seedlings. Use an east-west row direction, plant in straight lines along a rope, which facilitates ventilation and light penetration between rows, reduces pest and disease damage, enhances photosynthesis in the middle and upper leaves during the mid-to-late growth period, increases grain number and grain weight, and thereby increases yield.
3. Wide-narrow row interplanting of hybrid rice and glutinous rice: On the basis of general wide-narrow row cultivation, plant 1 row of glutinous rice (commonly called jiugu) every two wide rows, with hill spacing of 1 chi 2 cun to 1 chi 5 cun and 3 to 5 plants per hill. Pay attention to seed soaking and disinfection to prevent rice blast, and sow and transplant hybrid rice and glutinous rice at the same time. Because space is rationally used to add glutinous rice, it grows in coordination with the hybrid rice, and rice blast is effectively controlled, yield can be increased.
4. Jiugu seedling compartment interplanting of hybrid rice and glutinous rice: Every 5 chi 5 cun, stretch a rope and transplant one row of jiugu seedlings, which is commonly called opening compartments with jiugu seedlings; within each compartment, plant 5 rows of hybrid rice with hill spacing of 6 cun, planting 3 to 5 plants per hill for jiugu seedlings and one single plant per hill for hybrid rice. This planting method saves labor and time, reduces disease, and yields both hybrid and glutinous rice, and is relatively popular.
5. Wide-row narrow-plant transplanting: Use an east-west row direction, transplant along a rope, with hill spacing of 6 cun and row spacing of 9 cun, planting 11,000 hills per mu, with one single strong seedling per hill. Appropriate early and shallow transplanting favors early growth and rapid development and increases the number of effective panicles. The advantages of this transplanting method are that it is convenient and easy to carry out, provides ventilation and light penetration, reduces disease, promotes individual development, forms a reasonable population, and helps increase yield and income.
6. Grid-lined transplanting: Use a transplanting grid marker to draw a grid at 6 x 10 cun, and plant one plant at each intersection, planting 10,000 hills per mu, with one single strong seedling per hill. Use an east-west row direction, draw the lines straight and evenly, keep the field level with shallow water, and as long as the grid marks are visible, transplanting is convenient; after transplanting, stabilize the roots and restore the water. One person or multiple people can operate it, it is relatively standardized, combines the advantages of multiple transplanting methods, and both saves labor and increases yield.
7. Semi-dry transplanting: Use an east-west row direction, stretch a rope every 1 chi 8 cun to open furrows and form ridges, with the ridge surface shaped like a tile back, water stored in the furrows, and the ridge surface moist. Plant two rows per ridge, with row spacing of 5 to 6 cun and hill spacing of 6 cun, one single plant per hill, about 10,000 plants per mu; generally the transplanting points are basically level with the water line, and medium-to-small seedlings are planted. This planting method not only benefits root growth and promotes individual development, but also provides ventilation and light penetration, reduces pest and disease damage, and can also be used for rice-field @#@233@#@, promoting a double harvest of rice and fish.
9. Seedling throwing: Suitable for dry-raised film-covered seedlings in seedling trays, thrown at about the 3-leaf stage. The field should be level and the water shallow. Calculate the amount well; generally about 18 seedlings per square meter, that is, 12,000 hills per mu. A person stands on the field ridge and uses skillful force to throw high, far, and evenly, so the seedlings spread out in a parabolic shape. It is also possible not to throw them but instead to use the method of transplanting neatly along a rope, similarly achieving the effect of increased yield and income.
It is worth explaining that no matter which transplanting method is used, there are seven common key points: first, shallow, even, stable, and straight; second, seed coating or seed soaking and disinfection to raise strong seedlings; third, heavily applying basal fertilizer in the field to promote early growth and rapid development; fourth, removing inferior and diseased seedlings and transplanting large, strong seedlings; fifth, avoiding transplanting during periods of excessively high temperature; sixth, transplanting in a level field with shallow water; and seventh, using an east-west row direction and not transplanting in a "along-the-field-bay" pattern.