Characteristics and High-Yield Cultivation Key Points of the New Glutinous Rice Variety E-You 512

E-You 512 is an indica-type high-yield glutinous rice bred in 1997 using the apomictic autotriploid SAR-3 as the female parent and mixed pollen as the male parent. Its hybrid F1 generation showed segregation, some F2 lines were stable and uniform, and elite lines were selected to breed the F3 generation. It was approved by the Sichuan Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2002 and has now been widely promoted and applied in Sichuan Province, with yields reaching over 500 kg per mu.

1 Main characteristics

1.1 Yield performance In 1999, this variety participated in the Sichuan Province glutinous rice group regional trial, with an average yield of 469.8 kg per mu, an increase of 4.50% over the control (Jingnuo 6), reaching a significant level of increase. In 2001, production trials were conducted in different ecological zones within Sichuan Province, with an average yield of 510.20 kg per mu, an increase of 7.80% over the control, and the highest annual yield reached 639.5 kg per mu.

1.2 Agronomic traits This variety has a compact plant and leaf type, with medium-wide erect flag leaves, a plant height of about 110.0 cm, a panicle length of 24.7 cm, 178.5 grains per panicle, a seed-setting rate of 77.2%, yellow grains, a 1000-grain weight of 24.4 g, and a whole growth period of 147.8 days. It grows uniformly in the field, has strong culms resistant to lodging, and shows good color change in the later stage.

1.3 Grain quality testing According to tests by the Rice and Rice Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture: E-You 512 has a brown rice rate of 80.2%, a milled rice rate of 70.0%, a head rice rate of 60.5%, a grain length of 5.5 mm, a length-to-width ratio of 2.3, an alkali spreading value of 3.2, a gel consistency of 100 mm, and a grain protein content of 11.1%. It reaches the Ministry-issued grade 2 of high-quality indica glutinous rice and is a good raw material for making tangyuan and brewing wine.

1.4 Resistance identification According to identification by the Institute of Plant Protection of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, E-You 512 is moderately resistant to rice blast, with an average of 2.3 grade for neck blast and a maximum of 6 grade; it is slightly susceptible to bacterial leaf blight, with an average of 2.7 grade at the adult plant stage and a maximum of 4 grade.

2 Cultivation and management

E-You 512 is a mid-to-late maturing glutinous rice variety with a compact plant type and relatively strong lodging resistance. Reasonable cultivation techniques should be adopted in production to achieve high yields.

2.1 Timely early sowing and cultivating age-appropriate strong seedlings with multiple tillers It is advisable to sow early around Qingming or according to local planting habits at the appropriate time, with a seeding rate of 1.2-1.5 kg per mu, paying attention to sparse and uniform sowing. Before sowing, sun-dry the seeds for 4 hours, then soak them in clean water for 12 hours, then soak them in disinfectant solution for 12 hours, wash them clean, and promote germination until the seeds break white. After sowing, strengthen field management to cultivate strong seedlings with multiple tillers.

2.2 Reasonable dense planting and timely transplanting E-You 512 has a relatively good plant and leaf type, with a plant height of about 110.0 cm. Its tillering ability at the seedling stage is slightly weak, so appropriate dense planting may be used. The transplanting spacing is 20 cm x 24 cm, with no fewer than 12,000 hills per mu, 2-3 plants per hill, and 100,000-120,000 basic seedlings per mu, ensuring more than 180,000 effective panicles to help obtain high yields.

2.3 Scientific fertilization and water management Fertilization should adopt the principles of "promoting at the early stage, controlling at the middle stage, and supplementing at the late stage" and increasing the application of phosphate and potassium fertilizers, with heavy application of basal fertilizer, early topdressing of tillering fertilizer, and combined application of N, P, K, and organic fertilizer. Farmyard manure, phosphate fertilizer, 70% of potassium fertilizer, and 40% of nitrogen fertilizer are used as basal fertilizer, while 30% of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are used as topdressing. The suitable combined ratio of N, P, K is 1:0.5:1. In terms of irrigation and drainage, implement shallow-water transplanting, 1-cun water for greening, shallow water for tillering, and timely drainage and field drying after enough seedlings are reached at the middle stage to control ineffective tillering and enhance lodging resistance. Cut off water 5 days before harvest to achieve the purpose of nourishing roots and preserving leaves, increasing 1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate.

2.4 Integrated pest and disease control Prevention should be the main approach, combined with control. Pay attention to controlling rice blast, bacterial leaf blight, and stem borers. Rice blast should be controlled mainly at the tillering stage and the booting stage. Stem borers can be controlled at the peak tillering stage and the booting stage. In the middle and late growth stages, pay attention to controlling sheath blight.

3 Utilization value

Glutinous rice is the main raw material for foods such as tangyuan and zongzi as well as for brewing wine, and zongzi and tangyuan are traditional foods of the people. For a long time, due to the lack of high-quality and high-yield glutinous rice varieties, glutinous rice production has remained at a low-yield level. Promoting new high-quality and high-yield glutinous rice varieties is not only needed to raise the production level of glutinous rice, but also demanded by the development of the food industry such as tangyuan and the brewing industry, and is also needed to optimize the rice production structure and improve agricultural production efficiency.

Among the glutinous rice varieties currently promoted and applied, there are few varieties that combine high yield and glutinous quality at the same time. E-You 512 is suitable for planting as a single-season mid-season rice in the indica rice region of Sichuan Province. It not only has relatively strong glutinous quality, but also reaches a yield level of more than 500 kg per mu, better coordinating the contradiction between high yield and high quality. It is a high-yield and high-quality glutinous rice with great prospects for promotion and application.