What are the key points of glutinous rice cultivation techniques? A detailed explanation

(1) Select good varieties:

Choose high-yield, high-quality glutinous rice varieties with a suitable maturity period, strong glutinousness, excellent grain quality, and suitability for producing peach slices. The main recommended varieties include "Jinling Xiangnuo", "Yinqiao Nuo", "Hexiang Nuo", "Myanmar Nuo", and others.

(2) Sparse sowing under plastic film to grow strong seedlings:

Seeds must be disinfected before sprouting. In areas below 300 m altitude, sow from March 5-10; in areas at 300-400 m altitude, sow from March 10-15. For short-stalked, panicle-number-type varieties, sow 15-20 kg of selected seeds per mu in the seedling field; for tall-stalked, large-panicle-type varieties, sow 10-15 kg per mu. The film-covering period in the seedling field can be appropriately extended to encourage more tillering in the seedling field and cultivate robust, age-appropriate strong seedlings with tillers.

(3) Transplant at the right time and plant enough basic seedlings;

When seedlings have 5-7 leaves and are 35-45 days old, transplant them into the main field in mid-to-late April. For short-stalked, panicle-number-type glutinous rice varieties, the row spacing is 26.4 cm (8 cun) and the hill spacing is 13.2-16.5 cm (4-5 cun), with 15,000-19,000 hills per mu; for tall-stalked, large-panicle glutinous rice varieties, the row spacing is 26.4-30 cm (8-9 cun) and the hill spacing is 16.5-19.8 cm (5-6 cun), with 11,000-15,000 hills per mu. Plant 5-6 seedlings per hill, for 70,000-100,000 basic seedlings per mu. In terms of planting density, tall-stalked, large-panicle varieties should be sparser, short-stalked, panicle-number-type varieties should be denser, and medium-stalked varieties should be in between.

(4) Formula fertilization, heavy basal application and early topdressing:

Apply 8-10 kg of pure nitrogen per mu (appropriately increase the nitrogen rate per mu for Jinling Xiangnuo), with basal fertilizer accounting for 80% and topdressing accounting for 20%; apply 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer or 50 kg of plant ash per mu; in zinc-deficient fields, apply 1-1.5 kg of zinc fertilizer per mu as a surface-application fertilizer before harrowing. Apply topdressing early, within 10 days after transplanting. The amount of nitrogen applied depends on the fertilizer requirements of the variety and the height of the stalk; generally, tall-stalked varieties require less fertilizer. Strictly control nitrogen topdressing at the middle and late stages.

(5) Field water management;

Adopt the water management method of transplanting in shallow water, greening in 1 cun of water, tillering in thin water, draining the field to dry when the vigorous-growing plants have enough seedlings, heading and flowering in deep water, and keeping moist in the later stage to plump the grains.

(6) Timely control of pests and diseases:

Seed treatment must include soaking with chemicals. To prevent rice blast, prevent seedling blast during the seedling stage, and soak seedlings with chemicals before transplanting into the main field. At all stages of main-field growth, promptly monitor and forecast pest and disease occurrence, apply chemicals in time to control the centers of pest and disease outbreaks, and focus on controlling major pests and diseases such as rice blast, sheath blight, stem borers, rice planthoppers, and locusts. To control weeds in rice fields, after transplanted seedlings have survived, mix Xindaili with fine soil and broadcast it over the whole field as required; maintain a certain water layer in the field when applying, and do not let water flow through for 5-7 days after application. By carefully managing field pests, diseases, weeds, fertilizer, and water, ensure high and stable yields of high-quality glutinous rice.