Technical Regulations for Pollution-Free Garlic Production in Xiaguan Town, Dali City

1. Soil selection and crop rotation arrangement

The environmental conditions of the production site shall comply with the provisions of NY5010-2002. Fields with sandy loam and loam soil that are high and dry, easy to drain and irrigate, with deep, loose and fertile soil layers should be selected for planting garlic.

There are many types of soil-borne diseases of garlic, which cause great harm to garlic under continuous cropping. A field that has been cultivated with garlic must be rotated with non-allium crops for 2-3 years before garlic can be planted again, and paddy-upland rotation is recommended.

2. Variety selection and seed treatment

2.1 Variety selection: Mainly the disease-resistant, high-quality, high-yield Sichuan Wenhong "Hongqixing" garlic.

2.2 Seed treatment: Select garlic seeds that have undergone low-temperature vernalization treatment at 0-5 degrees for about 60 days. The garlic seeds should be stored spread out to prevent the seeds from heating and sprouting. Before sowing, garlic seeds should be carefully selected, choosing garlic cloves with varietal characteristics, free from pests, diseases and damage as seeds, and graded according to clove size. First soak in clean water for 1 day, then soak the seeds in a 500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 12 hours, or treat the seeds with carbendazim: 1 kg of 50% carbendazim mixed with 2.5 kg of water to dress 50 kg of garlic cloves.

3. Land preparation, basal fertilizer application, and sowing

3.1 Land preparation and basal fertilizer application: Before land preparation, apply 2000-3000 kg of fully decomposed organic fertilizer per 667 sq m. After plowing, apply 60-70 kg of ternary compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content of 10:10:10 per 667 sq m. For land preparation, form beds at 2 m intervals, with a bed surface width of about 1.65 m.

3.2 Sowing

3.2.1 Sowing period: For fields with vegetables or corn as the previous crop, the suitable sowing period is the Bailu solar term; for fields with rice as the previous crop, sowing should be done as early as possible after the rice harvest.

3.2.2 Planting specifications and density: The plant-row spacing adopted is 8-9 cm x 8-9 mm, planting 65,000-86,000 cloves per 667 sq m, ensuring a final basic seedling population of 60,000-80,000 plants. Garlic seeds should be planted separately according to size; larger cloves mostly form multi-clove garlic, so they should be planted sparsely; smaller cloves mainly produce single-clove garlic, so they should be planted densely.

3.2.3 Sowing method: Use a "garlic tamper" to punch holes for dibbling, then cover with soil from the furrows after sowing. Garlic should be covered with soil shallowly rather than deeply, with 3-4 cm being appropriate.