What are the key technical points for spring garlic management?

Around Jingzhe (Awakening of Insects), as temperatures rise, Cangshan garlic enters the regreening growth stage; around the Spring Equinox, it reaches the rotting-mother stage (also called the mother-returning stage). Due to the continuous low-temperature and drought weather from last winter to this spring, garlic growth has been affected, the seedling condition is poor, and there are more garlic fields with weak seedlings, so management must be strengthened.

I. Regreening stage management. Before and after regreening, spray once with a plant growth regulator or amino acid foliar fertilizer to enhance stress resistance and prevent damage to garlic from late spring cold. After the Spring Equinox, garlic is in the rotting-mother stage, during which garlic maggots are prone to occur, so pay attention to spraying pesticide to control seed flies.

II. Garlic bolt growth stage management. From late March to early April, begin controlling onion flies and seed flies, spraying pesticide once every 7-10 days for 2 consecutive sprays. From late April, begin controlling garlic leaf blight, gray mold, and other diseases, spraying pesticide about once every 10 days, with 2-3 sprays before bolt extraction. For plastic-mulched garlic, after Qingming, once the temperature is stable, remove the plastic mulch and weeds, apply 20 kg per mu of diammonium phosphate or potassium fertilizer, and spray a high-efficiency foliar fertilizer, then water thoroughly once. Note that watering should be stopped one week before bolt extraction to facilitate bolt extraction.

III. Garlic bulb enlargement stage management. After bolt extraction, water once accordingly (10-15 kg of high-potassium fertilizer can be applied with the water), and water 12 times according to the weather until harvest, keeping the ground moist to meet garlic's later water needs, and spray once with a disease-control agent, while also spraying foliar fertilizer, to consolidate the effect of garlic disease control and ensure a bumper garlic harvest.

IV. Pest and disease control

Garlic pests are mainly garlic maggots; diseases include leaf blight, purple blotch, and viral disease.

Pest: garlic maggot. A 2% abamectin 800-1000 times solution can be used, sprayed once every 5-7 days for 2-3 consecutive times; phoxim can also be used, or 50% dichlorvos + dimethoate mixed as an 800-1000 times solution for root drenching to kill maggots.

Diseases: 1. Leaf blight. Per mu, 0.15 kg of carbendazim suspension concentrate plus 0.15 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used, or a 50% iprodione wettable powder 1500 times solution, or a 50% copper diammonium acetate (DT) wettable powder 500 times solution, sprayed once every 7-10 days for 3-4 consecutive treatments.

2. Purple blotch. In the early stage of disease, spray a 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500-600 times solution, or a 64% oxadixyl-mancozeb wettable powder 500 times solution, a 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder 500 times solution, or a 50% iprodione wettable powder 1500 times solution, alternating once every 7-10 days for 3-4 consecutive treatments, all with good results.

3. Viral disease. Spray with 1.5% plant virus inhibitor No. 2 emulsion 1500 times solution; 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times solution; 0.5% antiviral agent No. 1 300 times solution; Jun Ke Du Ke 200-250 times solution; 5% Jun Du Qing 300 times solution, once every 10 days for 2-3 consecutive sprays.