Detailed Explanation of Key Points for High-Yield Cultivation Techniques of Large Ginger

1. Sowing at the appropriate time. Sow when the ground temperature reaches above 16°C. Generally, for plastic film mulching cultivation combined with direct-sowing agent, sowing is done around Qingming; in the Weifang area, manual sprouting of large ginger is generally done in mid-April, after Qingming and before Guyu.

2. Land preparation and fertilization. Before plowing, apply 4-7 cubic meters of high-quality farmyard manure per 667 sq m, irrigate heavily, deep plow 30cm, then broadcast 50kg of double-effect medium and trace elements per 667 sq m, combined with 100kg of large ginger special fertilizer NPK organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter, 20% ammonium humate), and prepare furrows after broadcasting. Generally, open furrows with a furrow spacing of 55-60cm, furrow width of 25cm, and furrow depth of 20-25cm. At the bottom of the furrow, broadcast 100kg of large ginger special humic acid NPK organic fertilizer per 667 sq m (containing 30% organic matter, 10% magnesium humate, 5% iron, 2% zinc, 12% NPK, total nutrients 59%), ready for sowing.

3. Sowing. Irrigate before sowing, soak ginger seeds with large ginger seed soaking direct-sowing agent after sun-drying for 3-4 days, and break them apart to keep each piece about 70g, soak for 30-40 minutes, sow at a plant spacing of 25cm, cover with soil 2-3cm, apply 200-250g of pendimethalin herbicide per 667 sq m mixed with 45-50kg of water, spray evenly and thoroughly over the ground, then cover with plastic film.

4. Management during the emergence period. Sprouts emerge 25 days after sowing, and holes need to be punched in time for ventilation, and shade preparation should be made. When seedlings are uniform, irrigate once with a small amount of water under the film. If cutworm damage to seedling stems is found, flush-irrigate 2-3 bottles of phoxim per 667 sq m along with irrigation (strictly prohibit the use of phoxim containing DDV).

5. Management during the seedling stage. When large ginger seedlings are 20-30cm tall, flush-irrigate 20kg of double-effect organic water-soluble flush fertilizer per 667 sq m once, once every 10-15 days, for a total of two times. When large ginger has more than two branches, the plastic film can be removed, and along the furrow broadcast large ginger special NPK organic fertilizer (400kg containing 30% organic matter and 20% ammonium humate, 80kg containing 30% organic matter and 20% phosphorus humate), then after small furrow ridging, irrigate once with a large amount of water. During the pest and disease control period, pay attention to preventing ginger borers, leaf mites, thrips, flea beetles and other pests. The effective pesticide for controlling ginger borers is miechongbi, with 40cc per backpack sprayer plus 5g of synergist (1st generation); the effective pesticide for controlling leaf mites, thrips, and flea beetles is abamectin plus synergist. When the above pests occur simultaneously, they can be mixed and used together. The main disease is anthracnose, and in some cases stem rot. The effective control pesticide is 50-100cc of miejunbi plus 50g of double-effect No. 2 plus 5g of synergist, once every 7 days, with 2-3 times as one treatment course. If pests and diseases occur simultaneously, the pesticides can also be mixed.

6. Management during the vigorous growth period. After the beginning of autumn, large ginger enters the vigorous growth period, and fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to achieve a good harvest. At this time, the primary task is heavy topdressing and large furrow ridging. First, along the furrow broadcast 50kg of large ginger special humic acid NPK organic fertilizer, 50kg of NPK organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter and 20% potassium humate), carry out furrow ridging, then at the bottom of the furrow broadcast 100kg of NPK organic fertilizer (containing 30% organic matter and 20% potassium humate), and irrigate with a large amount of water. One week after fertilizing and furrow ridging, remove the shade net, and in early to mid-September, supplementary topdressing is also needed. Apply 40kg of NPK organic fertilizer (ammonium humate) per 667 sq m. Irrigate together with 10kg of potassium sulfate. During the pest and disease control period, the main pest is leaf-eating caterpillars, and the effective pesticide is miechongbi plus DDV plus synergist. The main disease is leaf spot, and the effective pesticide is 100g of baito plus synergist. If the above pests and diseases occur simultaneously, they can be mixed and used.

7. Harvest. Irrigate 3-4 days before harvest so that the ginger pieces carry moist soil after harvest, which is convenient for storage. When harvesting, leave 2-3cm of stem, and put them into the cellar as they are harvested.

The harvest period of large ginger is generally determined according to the climate, because more than 60% of the yield of large ginger is formed in the later stage. Therefore, as long as the climate is suitable, do not harvest too early. Generally, harvest when the maximum temperature is 18-20°C, the minimum temperature is about 8°C, and the first frost has slightly withered the leaves.

To prevent maggot damage when putting into the cellar, ginger pieces can be stored with fungicide mixed with sand. To prevent large ginger from sprouting in spring when the cellar is shallow and the temperature is high, sprout inhibitor mixed with sand can be used for storage. After putting into the cellar, do not seal the opening for 20-25 days; after that, leave only a small window of 20-30cm square and seal the lower opening, and after Xiaoxue, seal the upper cellar opening.