Detailed Explanation of Pollution-Free High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Fengyuan Fragrant Rice

Fengyuan Fragrant Rice is a new high-quality late indica medium-maturity variety bred by the National Rice Improvement Center using Thai KDML105 as a parent. It has multiple high-yield, high-quality parental lineages. Its paddy, milled rice and cooked rice all have a strong popcorn aroma. The milled rice is transparent, the cooked rice is glossy and shiny, and cold rice does not become stale. Quality analysis by the Rice Quality Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture shows: brown rice rate 82.6%, milled rice rate 75.7%, head rice rate 60.6%, milled rice length 7.6mm, length-to-width ratio 3.7, chalky rice rate 6%, chalkiness degree 0.3%, transparency grade 1, gel consistency 62mm, alkali spreading value 6.2, amylose content 18.1%. The quality reaches the national first-grade rice standard. In 2003, Taining and Ninghua counties of our city introduced and demonstrated cultivation from Jiangxi Fengyuan Grain Development Co., Ltd. In 2004, it will be further expanded as a major new high-quality rice variety for demonstration planting in Taining, Ninghua and other counties (cities, districts). When cultivated as middle-season rice in our city, Fengyuan Fragrant Rice has a whole growth period of about 140 days; when cultivated as post-tobacco rice, the whole growth period is about 130 days, about 5 days earlier than Shanyou 63, comparable to Shanyou 10. This variety has a plant height of 120-130cm, 17 leaves on the main stem, a moderately compact plant type, thick and sturdy stems, strong tillering ability, a relatively high ear-bearing rate, good lodging resistance, and uniform heading. The effective panicles per mu are about 18 myriad, the panicle length is about 24cm, the average number of grains per panicle is about 130, the seed-setting rate is about 80%, and the 1000-grain weight is about 27g. Large-scale planting generally yields 400kg per mu, and high-yield cultivation can exceed 500kg. This variety is relatively tolerant to fertilizer. The leaves are slightly drooping at the seedling stage and relatively erect at the middle and late stages. The flag leaf is wide and upright, and the color turns well at the late stage. It is slightly susceptible to rice blast, moderately resistant to rice false smut and bacterial leaf blight, and lightly affected by sheath blight. Fengyuan Fragrant Rice is currently the only conventional late indica variety in high-quality rice production in our city that has a relatively high yield level, rice quality reaching the national first-grade rice standard, and relatively good resistance. To give play to its role in high-quality rice production, based on its varietal characteristics and in combination with the rice cultivation technology level of our city, the following high-yield cultivation techniques are proposed for farmers' reference: 1. Carefully select suitable fields for cultivation. Fengyuan Fragrant Rice has a well-developed root system, is tolerant to fertilizer and resistant to lodging, and should be cultivated in plots with deep plow layers and rich organic matter content. It must not be planted in shallow fields, water-leaking fields, or deep-bottomed cold-rust water fields. 2. Sow at the appropriate time and early, and cultivate strong seedlings: When planted as post-tobacco rice in our city, sow in early to mid-June (earlier in the north and later in the south). Before sowing, soak the seeds with "Qianglüjing" for disinfection. One day before sowing, apply rice seedling strengthener as base fertilizer. The seed rate for the field is 1kg, the sowing rate in the seedling field is 10kg/mu, and the seedling age should be controlled at about 30 days. At the one-leaf-one-heart stage, spray 300pm paclobutrazol to cultivate strong seedlings with tillers. 3. Transplant as early as possible and plant at a reasonable density: When planted as post-tobacco rice, the earlier the transplanting, the higher the yield. The general density is 6×7 cun, with 5-6 seedlings per hill, ensuring that the basic seedlings per mu are no fewer than 80,000. 4. Apply heavy base fertilizer, early topdressing, supplementary panicle fertilizer, and foliar fertilizer: This variety has a well-developed root system, is tolerant to fertilizer and resistant to lodging, has a relatively large nutrient demand, and is suitable for planting in fields with high fertility. For a yield of 400kg of paddy per mu, generally use 30kg of ternary compound fertilizer as base fertilizer. One week after transplanting, apply 10kg each of urea and potassium chloride as topdressing. At the second stage of young panicle differentiation, apply panicle fertilizer as appropriate according to the seedlings, generally 5kg each of urea and potassium chloride per mu. To improve the seed-setting rate and achieve high yield, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed after full heading. 5. Scientifically manage water and drain the field at the appropriate time: 15 days after transplanting, when the total number of stems and tillers reaches 200,000, drain the field to control tillering and promote rooting. In the later stage, keep the field alternately dry and wet, so as to activate roots with water and protect leaves with roots, improving the seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight. Generally, stop irrigation one week before harvest. 6. Strengthen pest and disease control: Based on pest and disease forecasting and combined with field investigations, apply pesticides in a timely manner. Two to three days before transplanting, apply a "send-off pesticide" once. At the breaking stage, apply a "panicle-protecting pesticide" once. Special attention should be paid to the control of sheath blight to ensure nutrient transport. Do not apply highly toxic and high-residue pesticides such as methamidophos, isocarbophos, methyl parathion 1605, carbofuran, and omethoate, so as to ensure compliance with green food standards. 7. Harvest at the appropriate time: This variety has more functional leaves in the late stage, does not senesce early, and has strong lodging resistance. The after-ripening period should be extended as much as possible to achieve full grains, full maturity, and a high yield. At the same time, store grain separately by variety and strictly prevent sun exposure and variety mixing.