Detailed Explanation of Main Cultivation Techniques for the New Late Japonica Rice Variety Ning 81

1. Sow at the right time and transplant at the right time. Sun the seed before sowing, soak the seed with seed-soaking agent or "402" chemical solution. For single-season late rice cultivation, the sowing period is June 5-15, with a seeding rate of 2.5-3.0 kg per mu, a seedling-bed seeding rate of about 30 kg per mu, and a seedling age of about 25 days. For continuous late-season cultivation, the sowing period is June 25-30. The seeding rate is about 3.0 kg per mu, the seedling-bed seeding rate is 25-30 kg per mu, and the seedling age is 25-30 days. For continuous late-season machine transplanting or seedling-throwing cultivation, sow around July 5, with a seeding rate of 3.0-4.0 kg per mu, a seedling-bed seeding rate of 35-40 kg per mu, and a seedling age of 15-20 days.

2. Uniform plant spacing and dense planting to ensure seedling number. For single-season late rice cultivation, transplant 18,000-20,000 hills per mu, with 50,000-60,000 basic seedlings; for continuous cropping late rice cultivation, transplant 20,000-24,000 hills per mu, with 80,000-100,000 basic seedlings; for seedling throwing, throw 80-90 trays per mu, with 80,000-100,000 basic seedlings.

3. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer, apply topdressing early, and apply panicle fertilizer appropriately. The total fertilizer application rate is 12-14 kg of pure nitrogen per mu for single-season rice; 10-12 kg for double-season rice, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 7.5-10.0 kg of potassium chloride. According to the growth condition of the seedlings, apply panicle fertilizer appropriately to increase panicle size and give play to the advantage of large panicles. At the initial heading stage, it is advisable to carry out foliar topdressing such as spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate to facilitate full grain filling and increase the 1000-grain weight.

4. Scientific water and slurry management. After transplanting, irrigate with shallow water once the seedlings turn green; when the total number of tillers reaches 85%-90% of the target seedlings, drain the field to control seedlings, so as to promote strong tillering and root growth and improve lodging resistance. After heading, alternate wetting and drying to facilitate full grain filling and achieve green stems and yellow grain, with living stems until old age.

5. Do a good job in pest and disease control. During the seedling-bed period, pay attention to the control of rice thrips. In the early growth stage of the main field, pay attention to the control of stem borers and leaf rollers; in the middle stage, pay attention to the control of sheath blight; Ning 81 has large panicles and dense grains per panicle, so in the later stage pay attention to the control of small brown planthopper and aphids. If typhoons and heavy rain occur during the growth period, pay attention to preventing the occurrence of bacterial leaf blight.