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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Artificial Breeding of Schisandra chinensis

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The special medical and health benefits of the Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis are increasingly favored by people. However, the breeding and seedling cultivation of Schisandra chinensis is a difficult problem. The Schisandra chinensis improved variety breeding base in Kuandian County, Liaoning Province, has used wild Schisandra chinensis to cultivate excellent new varieties. The method is as follows: First, based on the principle that crossbreeding (inbreeding) between excellent varieties (lines) of fruit trees such as grapes and pears tends to produce "transgressive segregation in offspring," variety selection, purification, and domestication improvement were carried out on wild Schisandra chinensis. The main approach is: select an area of wild Schisandra chinensis on the mountain, and when the fruit ripens, select plants with long, uniform

The special medical and health benefits of the Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis are increasingly favored by people. However, the breeding and seedling cultivation of Schisandra chinensis is a difficult problem. The Schisandra chinensis improved variety breeding base in Kuandian County, Liaoning Province, has used wild Schisandra chinensis to cultivate excellent new varieties. The method is as follows:

First, based on the principle that crossbreeding (inbreeding) between excellent varieties (lines) of fruit trees such as grapes and pears tends to produce "transgressive segregation in offspring," variety selection, purification, and domestication improvement were carried out on wild Schisandra chinensis.

The main approach is: select an area of wild Schisandra chinensis on the mountain, and when the fruit ripens, select plants with long, uniform fruit clusters, large, compact, and even berries, and excellent overall traits as breeding parents to retain, while all other inferior plants are completely removed. In the following year's flowering period, measures such as cross-plant (flower) pollination and reciprocal repeated pollination are implemented on the retained parent trees to breed excellent seeds.

The second step is to grow the obtained seeds into seedlings in open flat fields and then directly transplant them into flat fields, conducting open-field cultivation and domestication under full sunlight conditions so that they gradually adapt to high-temperature and drought environments. After the trees bear fruit, their seeds are collected again for seedling cultivation to be used in large-scale newly built commercial orchards. The excellent varieties cultivated by this method have significantly enhanced stress resistance, do not wilt even in high-temperature and drought weather, and grow normally even without rain for half a month.

Third is to focus on pruning. While transplanting the young seedlings, the main trunk is pruned at a low position to force the seedlings to sprout 3-4 main vines from the base as quickly as possible. After that, based on the principle of combining "long pruning" with "short pruning," pruning should be as light as possible so that the branches and vines quickly cover the trellis surface, expand the fruiting branch groups, and lower the fruiting position.

In addition to the above three key measures, auxiliary measures such as appropriate close planting, covering the tree pan with grass, applying boron during the flowering period, and artificial pollination have achieved very obvious results. It is estimated that the yield of a 5-year-old fruiting orchard is 225 kg per mu, and the yield of 6-7-year-old orchards stabilizes at 240 kg per mu, which is 3-4 times higher than wild varieties that have not undergone selection and improvement.

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