A Comprehensive Analysis of the Biological Characteristics of Schisandra chinensis

1 Requirements for climatic conditions

Schisandra chinensis prefers shady, damp and cool climatic conditions. According to surveys, in Jilin Province and Liaoning Province, Schisandra chinensis is mostly distributed at altitudes of 600-1500 m, and in our county it is mostly distributed in the range of 600-1500 m in altitude. In the distribution area, the annual average temperature is 3-7°C, the annual precipitation is 800-1200 mm, the frost-free period is 90-170 days, the annual average humidity is 65%-69%, and the rainy season is concentrated in June to September.

2 Requirements for soil conditions

Surveys show that the soil in which wild Schisandra chinensis grows is slightly acidic humus soil, while cultivated Schisandra chinensis prefers to grow on fertile sandy loam soil.

3 Requirements for light conditions

The light requirements of Schisandra chinensis differ at different growth stages. During the seedling stage and the vegetative growth stage, it needs a shade-tolerant environment. When 5-6 leaves have grown, it needs relatively abundant sunlight. During the fruiting period, it needs even more light and good ventilation and light transmission conditions. At this time, excessive shading will be detrimental to the fruiting of Schisandra chinensis. Surveys show that wild Schisandra chinensis generally grows on shady slopes and semi-shady slopes, and is relatively less common on sunny slopes. It is more common under the forest than on the banks of streams at the forest edge. However, when fruiting occurs, it is found that the fruiting rate of Schisandra chinensis on sunny slopes is higher than that on shady slopes, and the fruiting rate of Schisandra chinensis at the forest edge and on the banks of streams is actually higher than that inside the forest. Therefore, when cultivating Schisandra chinensis, this habit must be taken into account, and light intensity should be appropriately increased when the fruiting period arrives.

4 Requirements for fertility

There are currently no clear experimental data on the fertility requirements of Schisandra chinensis, but the author's surveys in the Yichun area and Jiamusi area of Heilongjiang Province found that the soil in which wild Schisandra chinensis grows is mostly fertile dark brown forest soil, and soil fertility is relatively high. Therefore, when cultivating Schisandra chinensis, consideration should be given to choosing soil with high fertility or applying an appropriate amount of fertilizer during its growth process.