Detailed Explanation of High-Efficiency Supporting Production Technology for Oil Pumpkin and Rice (Part 2)

IV. Supporting Watermelon Interplanting Technology

1. Fertilization and transplanting. Before interplanting watermelon, apply 1800-2400 kg of organic fertilizer per 667 sq m, and 50 kg of watermelon-specific fertilizer, applied into holes before planting. Interplanting is carried out in late April. After transplanting, promptly water with a 0.3% urea solution to settle the roots, so as to improve the survival rate of the watermelon seedlings. Pay special attention that the concentration of the root-settling manure water must not be too high, to prevent damage to the seedlings.

2. Vine pruning and fruit setting. For vine pruning, adopt the two-vine or three-vine system, that is, 1 main vine with 1-2 side vines, and promptly remove axillary buds. Set the fruit at the female flower at the 3rd node of the main vine or the 2nd node of the side vine, ensuring 1 fruit per plant, so as to facilitate concentrated nutrient supply and achieve large, tasty fruit. After the expansion stage, when the watermelon is coloring, turn it 2-3 times to make the rind color uniform and attractive.

3. Fertilization and water management. During the seedling stage, water sparingly. 7 days after interplanting, apply the first topdressing, using 3-5 kg of urea per 667 sq m diluted in water, poured 10-12 cm from the seedlings; 20 days after planting, apply vine-growth fertilizer, using 15-20 kg of watermelon-specific fertilizer per 667 sq m diluted in water, applied 30 cm from the seedlings; 5 days and 10 days after pollination, apply fruit-swelling fertilizer once each time, in the same way as the vine-growth fertilizer; when the fruit is the size of a bowl mouth, based on the seedlings and the weather, supplement 15-20 kg of watermelon-specific fertilizer per 667 sq m; when the fruit is five-tenths ripe, switch to foliar spraying of 0.2% monopotassium phosphate solution; stop watering 10 days before the fruit ripens to prevent fruit rot.

4. Timely harvesting. For those intended for long storage or long-distance @#@136@#@, harvest at eight-tenths ripe; for those sold locally, harvest at nine-tenths ripe, and store briefly to make the rind thinner and increase the edible rate.

V. Supporting Integrated Pest and Disease Control Technology

1. Watermelon. Mainly control the yellow squash beetle, melon aphid, red spider mite, and fusarium wilt, anthracnose, and damping-off. Pest and disease control requires being early, uniform, and thorough. If diseased plants with fusarium wilt are found, promptly remove them from the field, and in the affected area spray a mixture of 50% carbendazim and 70% thiophanate-methyl, spraying once every 7 days for 3 consecutive sprays; to control anthracnose and banded leaf blight, spray 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture for 3 consecutive sprays.

2. Late rice. For late rice, mainly control pests such as the yellow stem borer and rice planthopper, as well as diseases such as banded leaf blight and rice blast. Pest and disease control should be based on the pest and disease forecasts of the local county plant protection station, and be timely, accurate, and scientific. The control agents should be selected from pesticides that are highly effective, low in toxicity, and leave no residues.

3. Rapeseed. The focus is on controlling aphids and cabbage caterpillars during the seedling stage. After spring, pay attention to clearing ditches and draining waterlogging, remove old, yellow, and diseased leaves, ensure ventilation and light penetration, and prevent lodging. At the early flowering stage and full flowering stage, spray boron fertilizer solution once each time to prevent flowering without seed setting. At the full flowering stage and final flowering stage, use the appropriate pesticides respectively to control sclerotinia rot.