A detailed explanation of a new method for raising Schisandra chinensis seedlings, worth learning for growers
Schisandra chinensis is a perennial vine of the genus Schisandra in the family Magnoliaceae. Its mature, dried fruit is used as medicine, commonly known as northern Schisandra, and it has the effects of strengthening the lungs and relieving cough, nourishing the kidneys and astringing essence, and tonifying qi and promoting fluid production. Plants of the same genus also include southern Schisandra and western Schisandra. In terms of medicinal efficacy and commercial value, Liaoning Schisandra is the best. Judging from current market conditions, the prospects for developing Liaoning Schisandra are very broad.
A new method for raising Schisandra seedlings using vacant land is now introduced. The experimental site is Tumen villager group, Yongquan village, Jiucaigou township, Xiuyan county. The test area is 1 mu, the soil is sandy loam, and the drainage and irrigation conditions are good. The trial period was 2002-2004.
1. Land preparation In mid-October 2002, 740 one-year-old Schisandra plants were planted in the experimental garden at a row spacing of 3 m and a plant spacing of 0.3 m; at the same time, seedbeds 120 cm wide at the top and 20 cm high were made between the rows, and 4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure was applied per mu as base fertilizer, followed by fine land preparation.
2. Sowing Harvest mature fruit (wild or cultivated is acceptable), wash off the pulp, and dry in the sun for later use. Before the freeze in 2002, open furrows 3 cm deep in the seedling bed at a row spacing of 25 cm, press the bottom flat, sow evenly, cover with 2 cm of soil, then cover the bed surface with rice straw and water thoroughly. The sowing rate is 5 kg per mu.
3. Field management Before the plants turn green in the second year, set up trellises in time (concrete posts and No. 8 wire), and after they turn green, guide the vines onto the trellises. During the growth period, prune the plants appropriately. When the emergence rate of the Schisandra seedlings raised between the rows reaches 70%, gradually remove the covering. When the seedlings are 5 cm tall, thin them to a plant spacing of 3 cm, leaving 20000 plants per mu. Water promptly in case of drought, and loosen the soil appropriately along with weeding, taking care not to damage the root system.
The advantage of this method is that it uses tall and short plants of the same variety in combination, with three-dimensional cultivation and a combination of planting and seedling raising. It not only creates a good ventilated and well-lit environment for the mature Schisandra plants, but also provides certain shade and light-avoiding conditions for the seedlings raised between the rows. At the same time, it also makes full use of the effective area of cultivated land. Doing this increases the economic benefit by 5-10 times compared with purely raising Schisandra seedlings or planting other crops between the rows. According to the market conditions of that year, the income per mu was nearly 10000 yuan. In the autumn of 2003, we repeated the previous year's experiment and achieved the same results. The experimental results show that this method of cultivating Schisandra seedlings has many advantages, is indeed feasible, and is worth promoting.