What are the control methods for seed-borne diseases of the three wheats?

The main seed-borne diseases of the "three wheats" are stripe disease, smut, and net blotch. To control these diseases, in addition to measures such as selecting disease-resistant varieties, crop rotation, and adjusting sowing dates, the key is to do a good job of seed treatment.

Seed treatment can use the following methods: (1) Use 12.5 milliliters of 10% seed soaking agent, add 4 kg of water, and mix with 50 kg of seeds; or use 100 grams of 2% Silvacur, add 4 kg of water, and mix with 100 kg of seeds, which can control stripe disease and smut. (2) Use 150 grams of 2% Silvacur, add 4 kg of water, and mix with 100 kg of seeds, which gives good control of net blotch. When carrying out seed treatment, pay attention to accurate dosage and even mixing; after mixing, pile and cover the seeds for 5-8 hours, and prepare reserve seeds treated with the agent for emergency replanting.

After the above seed-borne diseases occur, remedial measures should be taken in spring. For fields that have just begun to show disease, appropriately apply additional nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, applying 5-7.5 kg of urea and 4-5 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu, to enhance plant resistance and reduce losses.