Detailed Introduction to the Xinmai 13 Wheat Variety
Variety origin: Xinmai 13 is a high-yield, disease-resistant, stable-yield, high-quality, widely adaptable @#@245@#@ new wheat variety bred by the Xinxiang City Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Henan Province through crossbreeding using Wanyuan Changbai as the female parent and (C5/3577) F3d1 as the male parent. Its original name was Xinxiang 9178, and it passed national variety approval in 2003.
Yield performance: 1. Yield results from the national Huanghuai South Region trials and production trials
Xinmai 13 participated in national regional trials and production trials for three consecutive years, and its yield ranked 1st in all three years. From 1999 to 2001, it participated in the national Huanghuai South Region trials for two years. In 2000, with 17 sites summarized, 17 sites showed increased yield, with an average yield of 531.2 kg per mu, 5.99% higher than the control variety, ranking 1st among the 10 tested varieties and being the only variety whose yield increase over the control reached an extremely significant level; in 2001, with 16 sites summarized, 16 sites showed increased yield, with an average yield of 564.17 kg per mu, 9.64% higher than the control variety Yumai 49, again ranking 1st among the 11 tested varieties and still the only variety with an extremely significant yield increase over the control.
The national two-year regional trial sites were distributed across the four provinces of Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Shaanxi, with 100% of site-entries showing increased yield, 50% of site-entries ranking first, more than 20% of site-entries ranking second, and 15% of site-entries ranking third. When the results were summarized separately for Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Shaanxi, Xinmai 13 ranked first in all four provinces, with yield increases of 9.4% in Henan, 10.65% in Anhui, 7.8% in Jiangsu, and 11.2% in Shaanxi.
In the 2002 national Huanghuai South Region production trial, Xinmai 13 had an average yield of 458.6 kg per mu, 4.27% higher than the control variety Yumai 49. It was also the only variety with increased yield over the control, once again ranking first among the 5 tested varieties, and it ranked first in average yield at the pilot sites in Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Shaanxi respectively.
Through analysis of the coefficient of variation of the mean yield of the tested varieties, variety adaptability analysis, Eberhart-Russell analysis, Shukla analysis, and C S Lin analysis, it was shown that Xinmai 13 had the highest mean value, reaching 564.7 kg; the smallest CV value, only 9.3%; and the greatest adaptability, reaching 100%. Its static stability, dynamic stability, and wide adaptability were all the best. Therefore, it is a high-yield, stable-yield, widely adaptable new wheat variety.
2. Quality test results
In the national Huanghuai Winter Wheat Region trials, uniform sampling was carried out, and testing was entrusted to the Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Harbin). The test results for Xinmai 13 were: crude protein (dry basis) 13.1%, test weight 800 g/L, wet gluten 30.0%, sedimentation value 24.4 mL, water absorption 58.2%, development time 2.4 min, stability time 3.6 min, making it a high-quality medium-gluten wheat variety.
3. Disease resistance identification results
The Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences identified the disease resistance of varieties in the national wheat regional trials and proved that Xinmai 13 is immune to stripe rust, moderately resistant to powdery mildew and sheath blight, and susceptible to leaf rust and Fusarium head blight.