Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Ganoderma lucidum Bag Cultivation Techniques

For artificially cultivated Ganoderma lucidum, timely harvesting allows its active ingredients to be better preserved. The artificial bag cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

1. Cultivation season Generally, fungus bags are produced in March, soil covering and mushroom emergence begin at the end of April, the first flush of Ganoderma lucidum can be harvested at the end of May, and the whole year's cultivation ends by the end of September.

2. Preparation of culture substrate Ganoderma lucidum mycelium is not suitable for growing on a single raw material; it must be combined with a certain amount of nitrogen fertilizer and sufficient carbohydrates to grow vigorously. According to local resources, hard-textured waste wood can be selected, sliced, and crushed as the raw material. The general formula is 78% coarse wood chips, 20% wheat bran, 1% gypsum and 1% sucrose, plus 1% calcium superphosphate and 0.2% urea. After the wood chips, wheat bran, gypsum, and calcium superphosphate are mixed, stir them repeatedly until evenly combined, then dissolve the urea and sucrose in water and mix them in. The pH value should preferably be 6.5 to 7.5.

3. Bagging, sterilization, and inoculation Choose low-pressure polyethylene bags or polypropylene bags that are 33 to 40 cm long, 17 to 20 cm in circumference, and 0.05 silk thick. Each bag is filled with 40 to 45 grams of dry material, and the tightness should be consistent. After bagging, tie off both ends and place them in the pot for sterilization. Maintain the temperature at 100°C for 10 to 12 hours, then let them sit for 4 to 6 hours before removing them from the pot. Wait until the bag temperature drops below 30°C before inoculating in the inoculation box.

4. Indoor mycelium growth management Clean the culture room thoroughly, and spray the walls and floor with 0.3% potassium permanganate or 3% quicklime water for disinfection. Twelve hours before moving the fungus bags in, light 0.5 kg of sulfur for fumigation and disinfection, then place the inoculated fungus bags. Keep the indoor temperature controlled at 22°C to 30°C and the humidity between 45% and 55% to prevent contamination or mycelial aging caused by excessively high temperatures, which would affect fruiting body formation. When the mycelia at both ends inside the bag are about to meet, untie the tying rope to promote the formation of mushroom buds. When the mycelia connect, the bags can be removed and covered with soil. During the cultivation process, pay attention to insect pests and rodent damage, and cut off contamination sources. The total mycelium growth cycle takes about 25 days.

5. Making beds and arranging bags According to the size of the plastic shed, make beds 1 m wide, 30 cm deep, and of any length, then spray them with 3% to 5% quicklime water to prevent damage from termites and miscellaneous fungi. Cover the bag-removed mycelia with 2 to 4 cm of soil, and this process must be done carefully so as not to bruise the primordia. For the covering soil, use 70% peat and 30% river sand, plus 2% calcium carbonate, and adjust it with lime to pH 6.5 and 75% water content. The covering soil must first have strong air permeability and second have good water absorption.

6. Management after soil covering and harvesting of Ganoderma lucidum After the mycelia enter the shed, cover with straw curtains for shade during growth. Pay attention to ventilation so that the shed always maintains a slightly moist environment. After 4 to 7 days, the primordium base can grow out of the ground and form a round Ganoderma lucidum the size of a button; afterward, manage it as usual. Ganoderma lucidum grows very quickly, about 0.5 cm in length and width per day. After 20 days, when the Ganoderma lucidum turns yellow, it can be harvested. On the third day after harvesting, begin spraying water again to keep the material surface moist, and after one month a second flush of Ganoderma lucidum can grow.